ESPE Abstracts (2019) 92 P1-286

ESPE2019 Poster Category 1 Thyroid (1) (13 abstracts)

Identification of a THRA Mutation in a 2yr Old Child with Clinical Features of Hypothyroidism and Multisystem Involvement

Rajesh Sakremath 1 , Carla Moran 2 , Greta Lyons 2 , Kristien Boelaert 3,4 , Krishna Chatterjee 2 , Zainaba Mohamed 5 & Odelia Rajanayagam 2


1The Shrewsbury and Telford Hospitals NHS Trust, Princess Royal Hospital, Telford, United Kingdom. 2University of Cambridge, Metabolic Research Laboratories, Welcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom. 3Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom. 4Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom. 5Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom


Background: Thyroid hormones act via receptors (TRα; TRβ) encoded by separate genes (THRA, THRB). Mutations in THRA are a recently-recognised cause of Resistance to Thyroid Hormone alpha (RTHα), a disorder with tissue-specific hypothyroidism but near-normal thyroid function tests.

Aim: We describe the youngest recorded case of RTHa, in a 2yr old boy with disproportionate short stature, global developmental delay, constipation and a heterozygous missense mutation (p.G291S) in THRA.

Case Report: A 16-month old male was referred to endocrine clinic with short stature. He had disproportionate stature with reduced subischial leg length (Table 1). He is in care, with a maternal antenatal history of substance abuse (exposure to methadone, heroine and alcohol in utero). He has global developmental delay and is mildly dysmorphic with constipation, all attributed to chromosome 16p13.11 microduplication.

Examination revealed coarse facial appearance, depressed nasal bridge, long philtrum and central hypotonia. He had delayed visual maturation, hypermetropia, small kidneys and gastroesophageal reflux. His motor milestones (unable to sit without support) and speech are delayed. Laboratory analysis revealed normocytic anaemia, elevated creatine kinase levels, low-normal T4 and elevated T3 levels leading to altered T4:T3 ratio, with normal TSH levels. THRA sequencing identified a heterozygous missense (p.G291S) mutation, which is homologous to a known pathogenic mutation in THRB (G345S), causing RTHβ. Correlation of genotype with phenotype and assessment of response to thyroxine therapy (25mcg/day) is being undertaken.

Conclusion: We suggest that THRA sequencing should be considered in patients with clinical features of hypothyroidism, raised CK, anaemia and near-normal thyroid function tests but altered T4:T3 ratio. This case broadens the phenotypic spectrum of RTHα.

Table 1: Clinical and biochemical characteristics
Variables2019
Age2.34y
Weight (Kg)13.35 (-0.21SDS)
Height (cm)81.0 (-1.9 SDS)
Sitting Height (cm)46.5 (-3.27 SDS)
Subischial leg length (cm)34.5
BMI (kg/m2)20.35 (2.79 SDS)
Thyroxine doseNone
TSH (mU/L) (rr 0.7-6.0)2.63
Free T4 (rr 12- 22 pmol/L)10.8
Free T3 (rr 3.5-8.5 pmol/L)10.7
TPO (<15 iu/L)Negative
CK (µ/L)
(rr 40-320 U/l)
388
RBC mass
(Oct 2018)
(4.6– 6.2x 10¹²/L)
3.68
IGF1 nmol/L (2-20nmol/L)6.8
Peak Cortisol (nmol/L) from…Short synacthen test
(rr >550nmol/L
740

Volume 92

58th Annual ESPE

Vienna, Austria
19 Sep 2019 - 21 Sep 2019

European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology 

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