ESPE Abstracts

Micropenis is defined as a penile length less than 2.5 SD below the mean value for a given age (eg, <2.5 cm at term). Nowadays, it should be also diagnosed in utero by sonography. The incidence of micropenis has been reported as 1.5/10.000 male infants in Usa, 5/1.442 in France and 18/2710 in Brazil, suggesting geographical differences or different assessment. Micropenis represents a clinical sign, that may be part of various clinical conditions, such as hypogonad...

Classical growth hormone insensitivity (GHI) is caused by a defect of the growth hormone receptor and is characterized by severe postnatal growth failure, craniofacial disproportion, IGF-I deficiency and normal or elevated levels of growth hormone. This is a rare condition. With the development of new genetic techniques during the last two decades other monogenetic defects resulting in milder forms of GHI have been identified. These include genes involved in the GH-IGF-I axis:...

The association between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other autoimmune diseases is well known.The prevalence of celiac disease (CD) ranges from 1% to 10% among children and adolescents with T1D.The risk of associated CD is inversely and independently associated with age at diagnosis, with the greatest risk in those diagnosed with T1D before the age of 5 years. Classical symptoms of CD as poor growth, weight loss, gastrointestin...