ESPE2019 Poster Category 3 Sex Differentiation, Gonads and Gynaecology or Sex Endocrinology (32 abstracts)
Primary Amenorrhea Revealing Leydig Cell Hypoplasia
Imen Gargouri 1 , Faten Hadjkacem 1 , Wajdi Safi 1 , Wafa Ben Othman 1 , Mouna Mnif 1 , Mongia Hachicha 2 , Thouraya Kamoun 2 , Bochra Ben Rhoum 3 , Neila Belguith 3 & Mohamed Abid 1
1Endocrinology Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. 2Pediatric Department, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. 3Department of Human Genetics, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
Introduction: Leydig cell hypoplasia (LCH) or agenesis, is an autosomal recessive condition and a well-defined form of 46,XY disorder of sex development (DSD) resulting from inadequate foetal testicular Leydig cell differentiation.
Inactivating mutations in the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) gene account for the underlying LCH pathogenicity
Case report: We studied a 15-year-old female who presented at the Department of Endocrinology for primary amenorrhea. The patient was born at full term after an uncomplicated gestation of healthy consanguineous parents. A similar history with a female cousin was reported. Physical examination showed infantile breast development and absence of pubic hair growth. She had female external genitalia appearance with the external opening of urethra and short hypoplastic-two-centimetre-length vagina under a hypertrophic clitoris. Hormonal assessment showed plasma testosterone level at 0,38 ng/ml, which did not change after administration of human chorionic gonadotropin.
Luteinizing hormone (LH) plasma level was elevated at 60mUI/ml and was hyper-responsive after stimulation test with Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH). Estradiol was significantly low (<9 pg/ml) and serum FSH level was 6,4 mU/ml in the reference range.
Pelvic ultrasound showed two testes in inguinal regions, but no Müllerian structures.
Genetic analysis revealed that the karyotype was 46,XY and a homozygote nonsense mutation of LHCGR was confirmed. The same mutation was found heterozygous after genetic analysis of the parents DNA.
Our patient underwent a bilateral gonadectomy and a hormonal replacement with oestrogen was started. At histology analysis no Leydig cells were seen.
Conclusion: We conclude that this case of female DSD was due to a Leydig-cell agenesis. 46,XY patients who are usually raised as female social gender may manifest ambiguous genitalia with elevated LH and decreased testosterone. Hormone tests are powerful tools and gene testing is helpful to establish the diagnosis.
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