ESPE Abstracts

Obesity is a state of imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure leading to a positive energy balance. This condition may be due to the existence of a genetic syndrome: the Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is the genetic cause the most common obesity and Laurence-Moon Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), autosomal recessive.

Objectives: Our objective is to compare the cardio-metabolic risk factors in children with obesity gene to those of children with simple obesity and those of healthy subjects of similar age and sex.

Materiel and Methods: This is 13 patients with a genetic syndrome (PWS 8 and 5 SBB). They are followed in consultation-Pediatric Endocrinology (HER) over a period of 7 years. Their average age: 8.7 ± 4.1 years, their mean BMI: 31.19 ± 6.24 kg/m2. The subjects with simple obesity (controls) (n = 15) are chosen in a random way same age, same sex and BMI as obese with a genetic syndrome. The controls (n = 14) had a mean age of 8.9 ± 4.6 years. Their average BMI was 17.01 ± 2.13 kg/m2. Serum lipids (TC, HDL-C, TG) and glucose were measured by an enzymatic method. Serum levels of leptin, insulin have been determined by an immunoassay method.

Results: Insulin resistance was assessed by HOMA-IR, FIGR, Fcb and the insulin sensitivity index QUICKI. Patients with a genetic syndrome show a significant elevation of triglycerides, lower HDL-cholesterol and increased plasma leptin. It‘s increased insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, FIGR, Fcb) and lower insulin sensitivity (QUICKI index). There's an increased rate of leptin, the FIGR and Fcb in obese with a genetic syndrome (PWS and BBS) compared with obese controls.

Conclusion: This work confirms that obesity due to genetic abnormality is associated with disruption of important risk factors cardiovascular.