The Impact of Sleep Quality and Metabolic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: a Prospective Cohort Study

Khalifah Reem Al; Mona Philby; Iman Al-Gadi; Dina Bashammakh; Nassir Bayan Al; Ghamdi Sara Al; Elawad Areej Taha; Saif Hadeel Al; Muna Alsunini; Aya Bahumayim

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ESPE Abstracts (2024) 98 P1-30

ESPE2024 Poster Category 1 Diabetes and Insulin 2 (9 abstracts)

The Impact of Sleep Quality and Metabolic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: a Prospective Cohort Study

Reem Al Khalifah ¹ , Mona Philby ² , Iman Al-Gadi ¹ , Dina Bashammakh ² , Bayan Al Nassir ² , Sara Al Ghamdi ² , Areej Taha Elawad ² , Hadeel Al Saif ² , Muna Alsunini ² & Aya Bahumayim ²

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¹King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ²King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Objectives: Characterizing the children’s and their caregivers’ sleep patterns and disturbances in children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) can improve diabetes management and outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to examine the associations between sleep quality in children with T1DM and metabolic outcomes namely, haemoglobin A1c, time in range.

Method: This is a prospective cohort study included children with T1DM, aged 8-17 years followed at the University Diabetes Centre at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We examined the child-parent duet sleep-wake patterns through wrist actigraphy [ActiGraph wGT3X-BT] worn for 7 consecutive days. We assessed the glucose metrics simultaneously via Freestyle Libre 2. Additionally, we assessed the parents Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hypoglycaemia Fear Survey, Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), and Diabetes-Specific Paediatric Quality of Life (HRQoL) scale.

Results: We recruited 56 child- parent duet. The children’s mean age was 11.5 years (range10.3‒13.8), with a mean diabetes duration of 4.5 ± 2.4 years. The mean HbA1c was 9.12 ± 1.3%, mean time in range was 39.3 ± 14.1%. The total sleep duration was 5.82 ± 1.8 hours for children and 5.7 ± 2.3 hours for parents. The mean awaking times per night for children and parents were 11 ± 4.3 and 7.2 ± 3.4 times/per night, respectively. The median PSQI score for parents was 5 (IQR 3, 7). The average sleep efficiency for child was 93.1±2.7, and for parent was 93.8±2.8. the Univariate regression analysis showed a significant increase in time in range by 1% with increased sleep duration by 0.8hr (95% CI: 0.2, 1.4; P = 0.009).

Conclusion: Children and parents in our study were not meeting recommendations for total sleep duration, and had poor sleep quality due to frequent sleep disruption. Increased sleep duration was associated with better time in range.