ESPE Abstracts

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy is the main cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide and can remain asymptomatic for a long time. Urine Albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR) and Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) help to assess the kidney disease in patients with type 1 (T1D) diabetes. Dyslipidemia represents biomarkers of the risk of occurrence of macrovascular complications. The objective was to evaluate the relationship between classic biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy and disturbances in lipid parameters in the pediatric population with T1D followed in Dakar.

Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study which was conducted over the period of one year (November 2022 - October 2023). It focused on type 1 diabetic subjects followed in one of the 4 sites in Dakar. A form was designed to collect data relating to the study variables and for each patient urine was collected on an CBEU jar and venous blood taken on a dry tube (without anticoagulant) and on an EDTA tube until to the gauge mark. The samples are then sent to the laboratory for conservation and analysis. The data were entered using the Epi info software version 7.2.5.0. The analysis was carried out using STATA 2015 software.

Results: A total of 229 patients were included with female predominance. Mean age was 14.78 ±4.63 years. Diabetes duration was less than 5 years in 76.96% and 80% had poor glycemic control. The mean GFR was 76.6±21.27ml/min/1.73m2 and 79.09% had renal insufficiency according to GFR. According to the uACR 35% of patient microalbuminuria. More than half of diabetics (51.61%) had a lipid abnormality. GFR abnormalities were only associated with LDL hypercholesterolemia (p-value= 0.01). Patients with poor glycemic control were 3 times more likely to have an elevated RACU. Patients whose age of onset of diabetes was greater than 10 years had 3 times the risk of having a significative microalbuminuria.

Conclusion: Diabetic nephropathy is common in children and adolescents living with T1D in Dakar, especially when diabetes occurred after the age of 10. It is favored by a poor glycemic control. GFR abnormality is significantly associated with LDL hypercholesterolemia.

Key words: Type 1 diabetes, nephropathy, dyslipidemia, Senegal