ESPE Abstracts

Introduction: Monogenic diabetes accounts for approximately 3.5% of patients manifesting diabetes till 30 years. Majority of these patients had subtypes of Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) caused by disruption of the genes encoding glucokinase (GCK), hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF1A) or 4-alpha (HNF4A), respectively. However, also rare forms of monogenic diabetes could be detected particularly thanks to massive par...

Background: Approximately 5 % of children are born SGA (birth weight/length below -2 SDS), anyway most experience an early spontaneous catch-up growth (CUG). About 15 % remain short during childhood and end up as short adults. Growth hormone (GH) treatment in general improves their growth.Objectives: We analyzed growth patterns in four SGA cohorts from two large databases: Those with spontaneous CUG, those who failed to ...

Introduction: 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B2) deficiency causes a rare form of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) characterised by varying degrees of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid deficiencies with undermasculinisation in genetic males. The biochemical hallmarks are elevated androgen precursors in the delta5 pathway (dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and 17-pregnenolone), with low mineralocorticoids and low (stimulated) cortisol levels. Immun...

Background: Early onset of androgen excess in pre-pubertal children is usually caused by called premature adrenarche (PA). PA is characterised by the development of pubic and axillary hair, adult-type body odour in girls <8yrs and in boys <9yrs. PA may be a forerunner condition of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a complex metabolic disorder also characterised by androgen excess. Women with PCOS have higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, dyslipidae...

Children affected by idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia (IIH) may develop polyuria, polydipsia, failure to thrive, developmental delay and nephrocalcinosis already during the first weeks of life. Elevated levels of activated 1-,25(OH)2D3 have been shown to cause the characteristic increase in serum calcium levels in this disorder. Two major underlying genetic causes have been identified so far: in IIH type 1 loss-of-function mutations in CYP24A1 ...

Introduction: Monogenic diabetes has been estimated to be 1 - 6% of all diabetic cases in European countries which are primarily non consanguineous populations, while the incidence in highly consanguineous areas is insufficiently defined. However, the genetic aetiology of monogenic diabetes has been shown to be widely different in areas with prevalent consanguinity compared to areas with lower rates. In this single-centre study, we aimed to evaluate the preval...

Introduction: Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) suffer from hyperphagia, hypotonia and hypothalamic dysfunction, leading to a variety of pituitary hormone deficiencies. Central adrenal insufficiency (CAI) has been reported in PWS, while each of these studies used different testing modalities and cut-off values. Therefore, reported prevalence of CAI ranges from 0% to 60%. It has been speculated that CAI might be responsible, at least in part,...

Background: SGA-SS, defined as birth weight and/or birth length below -2SD for gestational age and postnatal statural height below -2.5SD according to age- and sex-specific standards, is a heterogeneous condition reflexing exogenous (maternal, placental) or endogenous (foetal) inadequacies. Within the past two decades, a handful of genetic causes of SGA-SS have been elucidated. However, how each genetic aetiology impacts individual GH treatment outcomes awaits...

Background: SGA-SS is a heterogeneous condition defined as birth weight and/or birth length below -2SD for gestational age and postnatal height below -2.5SD, according to age-and sex-specific normative values. Despite being an indication for growth hormone (GH) therapy for 15 years, aetiology and prediction of treatment outcomes in most of SGA-SS children awaits elucidation.Aim: To decipher genetic aetiologies among a la...

Background and Aims: Coats plus syndrome (MIM # 612199) is a highly pleiotropic disorder particularly affecting brain, eye, bone and gastrointestinal tract. We describe the phenotype of a patient with severe growth failure where whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed compound heterozygosity for two mutations in the CTC1 gene.Patient and Methods: The patient, the fourth child of healthy non-consanguineous parents, was born...