ESPE Abstracts

Introduction: DAX1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1) plays an important role in developing the adrenal gland and testis during embryonic stage. On the other hand, overexpressed DAX1 causes 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD), in which patients often have short stature, mental retardation, and telecanthus. Here we report a case of 46,Y,dup(X)(p21.2p22.2) DSD caused by overexpressed DAX1.Case ...

Background: Aromatase excess syndrome (AEXS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by the overexpression of CYP19A1 at 15q21. Patients with AEXS manifest various clinical features associated with oestrogen excess; gynecomastia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and advanced bone age are the most salient features in this condition.Objective and hypotheses: The primordial treatment of the gynecomastia in patients with AEXS is surgical mastecto...

Introduction: Aromatase excess syndrome (AEXS) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by enhanced extraglandular aromatization of androgens and estrogen excess. Genomic rearrangements in chromosome 15q21 are found to result in overexpression of the aromatase gene CYP19A1. In males it is characterized by pre- or peripubertal gynecomastia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, advanced bone age and short adult height. Only a few female patients have been...

Background: The stimulatory G-protein α-subunit encoded by GNAS exons 1–13 (GNAS-Gsα) mediates signal transductions of multiple G-protein-coupled receptors including arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptor 2 (AVPR2). To date, various germline-derived loss-of-function variants of maternal and paternal origin have been found in pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia and pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism respectively, and specific somatic gain...

Context: X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is a process in which one of the two X chromosomes in a female is randomly inactivated in order to correct gene dosage between males and females. However, about 15% of genes escape from XCI (termed escapees), and 10% of genes are variably inactivated (variable genes). The mechanism of inactivation and escape remains to be revealed. The promoter regions of escapees are hypomethylated compared to those of the inac...

Objectives: KLF11 is a member of the Sp1/KLF family transcription factor which contains three C2H2 zinc finger domains. To date, two KLF11 mutations (p.T220M and p.A347S) have been identified in three families clinically diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The aim of our study is to report clinical and molecular characteristics of a KLF11 mutation-carrying family clinically diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Methods:...

Introduction: 21-hydroxilase deficiency (21OHD) is the most common form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Mutations of CYP21A2 induces 21OHD, a rare autosomal recessive manner. CHARGE syndrome (CS) is a rare autosomal dominant manner that is typically caused by heterozygous chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein-7 (CHD7) mutations. Here, we report the combination cases with genetically diagnosing 21OHD and CS at the first time.Case:...

Background: The common phenotype caused by NR5A1 mutations of 46,XY is gonadal dysgenesis without adrenal deficiency. Preserved fertility of the affected males was described in two patients with different mutations. No functional analysis of these two mutations has been done. Here we report brothers with isolated hypospadias who carries a novel heterozygous mutation of c.910G>A, E304K in NR5A1 gene. Their asymptomatic father carries the same nucleotide ch...

Background: Recently, eight MAP3K1 mutations have been identified in patients with 46,XY disorder of sex development (DSD), although detailed clinical findings of the mutation-positive patients remain to be investigated.Objective and hypotheses: To clarify the frequency and clinical consequences of MAP3K1 mutations.Method: Mutation screening of MAP3K1 were performed for 37 patients with 46,XY DSD. Phenoty...

Background: Vertical transfer of maternal cells to the fetus via the placenta leads to maternal microchimerism (MMc) in children. Previous studies from USA have shown that the prevalence and degree of MMc was significantly higher in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) than in their unaffected siblings and control individuals. To date, however, the frequency of MMc in non-Caucasian T1D patients remains to be examined.Methods</stro...