ESPE Abstracts

Background: 5α-Reductase is an enzyme that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in peripheral tissues. DHT is responsible for the differentiation of male external genitalia. Mutations in the 5α-steroid reductase type 2 gene (SRD5A2) result in incomplete masculinisation of the external genitalia in subjects with a 46,XY karyotype. The clinical spectrum of a 46,XY individual with 5α-reductase deficiency at birth can range from complete femal...

Background: The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) has been shown to be essential for steroidogenesis by mediating cholesterol transfer into mitochondria. Inactivating StAR mutations cause the typical clinical picture of congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia.Objective and hypotheses: We aimed to identify causative mutations in cases presenting with adrenal failure during early infancy.Method: Consecutive cases with adren...

Introduction: X-linked adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC) is caused by mutations of the NR0B1 gene encoding DAX1 on chromosome Xp21. AHC also occurs as part of a contiguous gene deletion syndrome together with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD), mental retardation, or a combination of these conditions. Here, we report a male 5 years old with AHC who presented with adrenal insufficiency, GKD, and duchenne muscular dystrophy due to a mutation in the DA...

Background: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 (MODY2) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease caused by heterozygous inactivating mutations in the glucokinase (GCK) gene. It mostly presents with mild fasting hyperglycaemia. MODY2 accounts for 2%–5% of all diabetes cases. It is treated with diet only, and complications are extremely rare. We presented here a family with MODY2 caused by a novel heterozygous p.E51*(c.151.G>T) mutation of the GCK gene.<p ...

Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute insulin deficiency as a result of autoimmune damage of pancreatic β cells. In its treatment, insulin, medical nutrition therapy and exercise is recommended. Although it is known that exercise contributes to disease control, the mechanism of these effects has not been fully clarified. It is thought that myokines such as irisin and sestrin, can be effective by secreting with...

Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric problems of adolescent and childhood. Methylphenidate is a psychostimulant drug in use of attention-deficit hyperactivity treatment as a first choice modality.Objective and hypotheses: The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of leptin, ghrelin and nesfatin-1 in relation to slowdown in growth and poor appetite.Method: Total of 8...

Background: Mutations in CHD7 cause a rare multi-organ system disorder, CHARGE syndrome (CS). Genital hypoplasia has been described in 60-80% of reported cases because of idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH), which is a result of inadequate GnRH secretion in the hypothalamus. Correspondingly, IHH and anosmia are expected in cases with CHD7 mutation. However, due to the phenotypic spectrum of CHD7, mutations have also be...

Aim: Data on response to GH treatment in the very young children with GH deficiency is scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth response in such children in a national multicentre study and to analyse the factors affecting the growth response.Materials and methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the files of GH deficiency patients who had started GH treatment between 0–3 years of age who were being followed in 14 differe...

Background: GnRH neurons originate outside the CNS in the olfactory placode and migrate into the central nervous system, becoming integral components of the hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal axis (HPG).Objective and hypotheses: We hypothesize that gene(s), whose products are important for pubertal development can be identified via autozygosity mapping together with whole exome sequencing in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (IHH)/...

Background: What initiates pubertal process in humans and other mammals has remained elusive.Objective and hypotheses: We hypothesize that gene(s), whose products trigger the GnRH pulse generator to restart ticking at the usual time of puberty, can be identified via autozygosity mapping together with whole exome sequencing in patients with idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (IHH).Method: We studied a cohort IHH cases. Functi...