Prevalence of Diabetes Type 1 and Type 2 in Children and Adults in Kazakhstan in 2016

Akmaral Nurbekova; Aigul Balmuchanova; Svetlana Ten; Amrit Bhangoo

Introduction: The prevalence of diabetes for all age-groups worldwide was estimated to be 28/1000 in 2000 and 44/1000 in 2030 (1). In the SEARCH study in a population of 3,458,974 US youth less than 20 yrs the prevalence of T1D was 1.93/1,000 and type 2 diabetes 0.24/1,000 (2).

Methods: We reviewed data on already diagnosed patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes from official statistical collection of Ministry of Health of Kazakhstan in 2016 (3).

Results: see Table 1.

Table 1
Region	Children 0–15 y	Adolescents 15–18 y	Adults	Population
End of 2016
	DM1	DM2	DM1	DM2	DM1	DM2
Kazakhstan	2,942	485	969	214	27,453	342,325	Total 17,918,200
							Adults 12,294,900
							Children 4,962,400
							Adolescents 660,900
Prevalence in Kazakhstan	0.6 in 1,000	0.09 in 1,000	1.4 in 1,000	0.32 in 1,000	2.2 in 1,000	27 in 1,000
Almaty City	450	36	142	35	3,551	46,892	Total 1,751,300
							Adults 1,326,200
							Children 376,400
							Adolescents 48,700
Prevalence in Almaty City	1.2 in 1,000	0.09 in 1,000	2.9 in 1,000	0.7 in 1,000	2.6 in 1,000	35 in 1,000

Conclusion: In Kazakhstan prevalence of diabetes type 1 in children less than 15 yrs is 0.6 in 1000 children. There is significant geographic differences in prevalence of diabetes type 1 in children less than 15 yrs. in countries around Kazakhstan: Russia 16/1000, China 7.7/1000, Ukraine 3.3/1000, Pakistan 1.6/1000, Uzbekistan 0.6/1000, Armenia 0.3/1000, Tajikistan 0.2/1000, Turkmenistan and Kyrgyzstan 0.1/1000 (4). Such low prevalence in this area of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Kyrgyzstan is poorly understood. It can be because of genetic background, different HLA types, diet preference. Furher study of genetic background, HLA pheotype and diet in Kazakhstan can help to explain ethiology of diabetes type 1 in Kazakhstan and understand such low prevalence.

References: 1. Global prevalence of diabetes: Estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H Diabetes Care 2004, 27: 1047–1053. 2. Prevalence of Diabetes in U.S. Youth in 2009: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group. Diabetes Care 2014 Feb; 37(2): 402–408. 3. Health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the activities of health organizations in 2016. Birtanov EA, Tsoy AV, Aktaeva LM, Tulegalieva A. Statistical collection, Astana 2017. 4. Diabetes in the young - a global view and worldwide estimates of numbers of children with type 1 diabetes. Patterson C, et al. Diabetes Res Clin Prac, 2014 Feb;103(2):161–75.

ESPE Abstracts

P2-P062