ESPE Abstracts

The current lifestyle, with a diet increasingly removed from the Mediterranean diet, together with the habitual sedentary lifestyle, is associated with many of the so-called non-communicable diseases, such as the metabolic syndrome. Every day these pathologies are more frequent in pediatrics, so this study has tried to establish the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in overweight and obese children and assess its impact. METHODS A descriptive study has been carried out, collecting both demographic and clinical data, as well as analytical and ultrasound data of all patients who have attended outpatient pediatric endocrinology consultations with a diagnosis of overweight and obesity between 6 and 14 years of age for 1 year (year 2019); and analyzing the data using Excel. The components of the definition of the metabolic syndrome have been evaluated, among others. RESULTS A total of 59 patients were found to be overweight or obese, of which 9 were excluded from the study because they were under 6 years of age. Among the 50 remaining patients, there were no sex differences (50% male, 50% female) and the mean age was 10.4 years. 66% were obese and 37% overweight. 60% were Caucasian, followed by South Americans (28%) and Africans (12%). 50% had a family history of metabolic syndrome or one of its components. The majority (60%) ate in the school cafeteria and did physical exercise regularly (61.1%). Blood pressure was measured in 50% of the patients, with 16% of them presenting arterial hypertension (HT). 100% analysis, 10% oral glucose overload (SOG) and abdominal ultrasound were performed in 38% of the patients. In the attached table we see the analytical and ultrasound results. The analytical values requested in the first visit are included. 2 patients met criteria for metabolic syndrome (5.6%). TOTAL ALTERED DATA% Glucose (> 100mg/dl) 1 48 2.1 Insulin (> 15 mcU/ml) 13 28 46.4 Glycosylated Hb (<5.9%) 2 40 5 Total cholesterol (> 200 mg/dl) CONCLUSION One of the main causes of mortality in the Western world are cardiovascular diseases, with non-communicable diseases such as obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance or diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia being the main risk factors for suffering them. A high percentage of these pathologies was observed among the pediatric patients studied, with several of our patients meeting criteria for metabolic syndrome. It is a growing problem in our midst, which will probably continue to grow if we do nothing to contain it.