ESPE Abstracts

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to assess the levels of myokine irisin and adipocytokine leptin in SGA newborns, to analyze the relationship between the parameters of the hormonal status of children and their mothers.

Materials and Methods: 49 mother-newborn pairs were examined. Two groups of full-term newborns were distinguished. Group 1 (Gr1) - small for gestational age (body weight (BW) at birth 10th percentile and below), group 2 (Gr2) - appropriate for gestational age (BW above 10th percentile) according to the INTERGROWTH-21st scales. Body weight in Gr1 (n=24) was 2470 [2180; 2635] g, Gr2 (n=25) – 3380 [3260; 3620] g, U=7.5, P<0.001. MT percentiles ‒ 8.4 [2.9; 9.7] and 66.8 [51.1; 79.9], respectively, U=13.0, P<0.001. The levels of irisin, leptin, IGF-1 were determined by enzyme immunoassay. Nonparametric methods were used for statistical processing.

Results: SGA newborns were found to have significantly lower cord blood leptin and IGF-1 levels than gestational age infants (2.43 [1.36; 3.52] vs 5.00 [4.00; 8.80] ng/ml, U=107.5, P<0.001 and 75.0 [63.5; 94.0] vs 97.0 [87.0; 109.0], U=62.5, P=0.022). In newborns Gr1 and Gr2, no significant differences were found in the content of irisin in cord blood serum (325 [301; 470] ng/ml and 400 [290; 460] ng/ml, U=280.5, P=0.699). Significant (P<0.05) positive correlations were found between the level of cord blood irisin in SGA newborns and BW (r=0.39), BW percentile (r=0.46), z-score BW of children (r=0.46). Serum leptin levels in Gr1 mothers were 5.9 [1.8; 14.5] ng/ml, Gr2 ‒ 14.1 [7.8; 18.2] ng/ml, P=0.021. We did not established statistically significant differences in the content of irisin in mothers of newborns of the surveyed groups (U=240.5, P=0.238). In Gr1, a positive relationship was found between the levels of irisin in mothers and newborns (r=0.52, P=0.028). The content of irisin in the cord blood serum in infants born per vias naturalis was statistically significantly higher than in patients with abdominal delivery (410 [350; 640] ng/ml vs. 305 [280; 410] ng/ml, U=155, 0, P=0.010).

Conclusion: Irisin levels in SGA newborns are associated with maternal serum irisin and birth weight of infants. Differences in the content of irisin in full-term newborns depend on the mode of delivery. The revealed statistically significant differences in the levels of the analyzed markers in mother-child pairs substantiate the importance of further research and may lead to an understanding of metabolic disorders that will occur at a older age.