ESPE Abstracts

Background: Abnormal birth weight, either small- or large for gestational age, has been influenced on long term heath. Previous data demonstrated small for gestational age infants have greater risk for developed obesity and metabolic diseases later in life but little was known in large for gestational age (LGA) babies.

Objective: To study the growth pattern of children born large for gestational age from birth until age of 8 years.

Methods: This study was a retrospective study. Data including weight, length/height, maternal history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) of LGA infants who was born in Phramongkutklao hospital between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2017 were reviewed.

Results: Two hundred and fifty-two LGA newborn were included. Of them, 159 (63%) were male. Gestational age at birth and birthweight were 39.3 weeks and 4,200 + 200 g, respectively. Sixty percent had birthweight 4,000-4,200 g and maternal GDM was found in 12.7% of subjects. Longitudinal growth pattern demonstrated mean BMI Z-score were decreased from birth to normal range during age 6 months to 1 year then re-increased after age of 2 years. Haft of LGA infants remained overweight/obesity until age of 8 years. The prevalence of overweight/obesity at age 6 months, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6-8 years were 48.4, 47.4, 63, 48.8, 45.9 and 55.6%, respectively. Overweight/obesity at age 1 year were 4.2 greater risk of overweight/obesity after age of 4 years. LGA born from maternal diabetes have significant higher birthweight and BMI Z-score at birth, 2, 3 and 6-8 years compare to LGA born from maternal without diabetes.

Conclusion: LGA infant remain overweight and obesity until age of 8 years. Factor associated greater risk of overweight and obesity were maternal diabetes, BMI Z-score and overweight/ obesity at age 1 year.