ESPE2022 Poster Category 2 Diabetes and Insulin (43 abstracts)
Contribution of 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D to the Risk of Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Children
Asmae Touzani 1,2 , Francesco Cadario 3 , Layachi Chabraoui 2 , Naima Bennani 1 , Zineb Imane 1 , Samah Amhager 1 & Amina. Balafrej 1
1Department of Diabetology-Endocrinology-Neurology-Pediatrics-Children's Hospital, Rabat, Morocco; 2Pedagogical Research Unit- Clinical, Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry University Mohamed V-Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Rabat, Morocco; 3Clinic -Pediatrics-Medical, Novara, Italy
Objectives: To study the status of vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D, active form) in diabetic an non-diabetic children in comparison with that of Moroccan children who have immigrated to Italy.
Material and Methods: 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured by chemiluminescence during the spring-summer season.
Patients and Methods: Our cohort consisted of 25 subjects including 17 (9 Boys/8 Girls) diabetic children and 8 (7Boys/1Girl) non-diabetic children. The average age of the patients is 8.5±1.3 years (extremes: 5.9-10.5 years). The patients are treated with 2 daily injections of insulin. Their mean HbA1c is 8.1 ± 1% with extremes ranging from 6.2 to 9.6%. The non-diabetic subjects have a mean age of 7.9 ±1.7 years (extremes: 5.9-10 years).
Results: Our diabetic children have a mean serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D level of 21.1 ± 9.8 ng/ml. In non-diabetic children, the mean 25 hydroxyvitamin D level is: 174.5 ng/mL. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups. In Moroccan children living in Piedmont (Northern Italy), the level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D is 10.1 ng/mL. This level is significantly lower than that found in Moroccan children. We reported a 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in our diabetic children similar to that obtained in Italian children (23.3 ng/mL) of the same age. The results of our study confirm the role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D as an environmental factor in the increased incidence of type 1 diabetes in Moroccan children living in Italy.
Conclusion: Our original study shows that the difference in the incidence of type 1 diabetes is related to the ethnic origin of the groups. Thus, hypovitaminosis D may contribute to the accelerated development of type 1 diabetes in Moroccan immigrant children.
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