ESPE2022 Poster Category 2 Fetal, Neonatal Endocrinology and Metabolism (16 abstracts)
Postnatal Growth in Infants of Diabetic Mothers (IDM) (n = 79) Who Were Born at or Near Term and Had Severe Neonatal Hypoglycemia Without Other Comorbidities.
Nada Alaaraj , Ashraf Soliman , Shayma Ahmed , Noor Hamed , Fawzia Alyafei , Hamdy Ali , Maya Itani , Fatima Al-Naimi , Mona Shaat & Doaa Al-Yousef
Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
Abnormal postnatal patterns of linear growth and weight gain have been reported in infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes (IDM). We evaluated the growth pattern from birth to the age of 2 years of 79 IDMs who were born at or near term with significant hypoglycemia. Anthropometric measures (z scores) from birth, 2,4.6,12,18, and 2 years were measured in 79 IDM who presented with significant neonatal hypoglycemia (Plasma value less than 20-25 mg/dL (1.1-1.4 mmol/L)) that required proper therapy (IV glucose bolus followed by IV glucose infusion) for two days or more. Their anthropometric data were compared to standard growth for normal age and sex-matched infants (WHO growth standards)
Results: Their gestational age (GA) at delivery of IDM was 37.28 +/- 2.25 weeks. At birth, they had Wt. z score (WAZ) = -0.8 +/- 1.74, length Z score (LAZ) = -0.6 +/- 1.72 and Wt. for L Z score (WLZ) = -0.96 +/- 1.9. 16/79 had LAZ <-2, 23/79 had WAZ < -2 and 21/79 had WLZ <-2. After an initial decrease in WAZ for the first two months, they had a progressive gain in WAZ that occurred during the first 12 months (from -0.8 to 0.21). This was followed by a stable WAZ during the second year of age. After an initial deceleration of LAZ for 2 months, they had a progressive increase in the LSDS for 6 months (from -1 to -0.39) that was followed by stable LSDS (normal growth velocity) for the next 18 months. By the age of 12 months, 8/79 had LAZ < -2, 3/79 had WAZ <-2 and none had WLZ <-2. 10/79 had WLZ > 2. By the age of 2 years, 7/79 had LAZ <-2, 2/60 had WAZ <-2, and 1/79 had WLZ <-2. 8/79 had WLZ > 2 (overweight).
| Age (mon) | Birth | 2 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 24 |
| WAZ | -0.8 | -0.96 | -0.65 | -0.32 | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.18 |
| WLZ | -0.96 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.53 | 0.46 | 0.53 |
| LAZ | -0.6 | -1.1 | -0.85 | -0.53 | -0.39 | -0.41 | -0.4 |
Conclusion: IDMs born at or near term with severe hypoglycemia had a special growth pattern during the first two years of life. By the age of 2 years, all growth anomalies disappear with a tendency to overweight.
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