ESPE2022 Poster Category 2 Fetal, Neonatal Endocrinology and Metabolism (16 abstracts)
Growth patterns in Infants with Significant Neonatal Hypoglycemia during the first two years of age: Comparison of infants of Diabetic Mothers (IDM) vs infants of non-diabetic mothers (INDM)
Nada Alaaraj , Ashraf Soliman , Shayma Ahmed , Noor Hamed , Fawzia Alyafei , Hamdy Ali , Maya Itani , Fatima Al-Naimi , Mona Shaat & Doaa Al-Yousef
Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
We evaluated the anthropometric measures using WHO growth charts (z scores) from birth, 2,4,6,12,18 and 2 years for 79 IDM presented with significant neonatal hypoglycemia in comparison to 51 infants of INDM who had significant hypoglycemia due to transient hyperinsulinemia who required treatment for >2 days.
Results: IDM had WAZ = -0.8 +/- 1.74, L AZ = -0.6 +/- 1.72 and WLZ = -0.96 +/- 1.9. They IDM were heavier and taller than the INDM group WAZ= -2.21 +/- 2.02, and WLZ = -2.47 +/- 2.07 (P< 0.01). In IDM, after an initial decrease in WAZ for the first two months, they had a progressive gain in WAZ occurred during the first 12 months (from -0.96 to 0.21) followed by stable WAZ during the second year of age. INDM had a progressive gain in the WAZ during the first 18 months of life. This was followed by stable wt. Z score. During the first year of life, the WAZ gain was significantly higher in the INDM vs IDM. At 18 months of age, the WAZ did not differ between the two groups. In IDM, after an initial deceleration of LAZ for 2 months, they had a progressive increase in the LAZ for 6 months (from -1 to -0.5) followed by stable LAZ (normal growth velocity) for the next 18 months. INDM had a progressive gain in the LAZ in the first 12 months (from -2.1 to -0.56) that was followed by stable LAZ. By the age of 12 months, the LAZ did not differ between IDM and INDM.
| birth | 6 months | 12 months | 18 months | 2 years | |||||||||||||
| GA | WAZ | LAZ | WLZ | WAZ | LAZ | WLZ | WAZ | LAZ | WLZ | WAZ | LAZ | WLZ | WAZ | LAZ | WLZ | ||
| IDM n=79 | Mean | 37.28 | -0.8* | -0.6* | -0.96* | -0.3* | - 0.5* | 0.09 | 0.21 | -0.39 | 0.53 | 0.18 | -0.41 | 0.46 | 0.18 | -0.40 | 0.53 |
| INDM n=51 | Mean | 36.70 | -2.21 | -1.90 | -2.47 | -0.90 | -1.13 | -0.2 | -0.12 | -0.49 | 0.14 | 0.05 | -0.39 | 0.28 | -0.23 | -0.46 | -0.16 |
| P-value | 0.08 | <0.001 | 0.005 | <0.001 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.21 | 0.20 | 0.93 | 0.09 | 0.72 | 0.54 | 0.54 | 0.46 | 0.75 | 0.19 | |
In conclusion: Growth pattern differs in the infant of diabetic mothers vs those who were born preterm or near term for non-diabetic mothers. Despite the risk of hypoglycemia in both groups, IDM was born heavier and taller than INDM. IDM remains heavier and taller than INDM for the first 12 months of life. INDM had faster LAZ gain vs IDM during the first year of life.
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