ESPE Abstracts

Background: Data on the effect of cryptorchidism on hormones of androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) and 5alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency (5α-RD2) are still limited.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 47 patients with AIS and 79 with 5α-RD2 to investigate the effect of cryptorchidism on hormone levels.

Results: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in the AIS group were lower than those in the 5α-RD2 group (P= 0.002) and controls (P= 0.048), whereas inhibin B (INHB) levels in the AIS group were higher than those in the 5α-RD2 group (P= 0.0005) and controls (P < 0.0001). In patients with AIS, basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (P= 0.002) and peak FSH (P= 0.01) levels were higher in the cryptorchidism group than in the non-cryptorchidism group; AMH levels in the cryptorchidism group were lower than that in the non-cryptorchidism group (P= 0.002) and controls (P < 0.0001), and INHB levels in the cryptorchidism (P= 0.005) and non-cryptorchidism groups (P= 0.0002) were higher than those in the controls. In patients with 5α-RD2, peak FSH levels (P= 0.017) were higher in the cryptorchidism group than in the non-cryptorchidism group; the basal dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in bilateral cryptorchidism was lower than that in unilateral cryptorchidism (P= 0.0418); AMH levels in the cryptorchidism group were lower than that in the non-cryptorchidism group (P= 0.0008) and controls (P= 0.0005); AMH levels in the bilateral cryptorchidism group were lower than those in the non-cryptorchidism group (P= 0.006) and controls (P= 0.011); and AMH in the unilateral cryptorchidism group was lower than that in the non-cryptorchidism group (P= 0.009) and controls (P= 0.003).

Conclusions: Cryptorchidism showed a high incidence in patients with AIS or 5α-RD2 and influenced AIS and 5α-RD2 hormone levels. AMH levels in the AIS group were lower than those in the 5α-RD2 group and controls, whereas INHB levels in the AIS group were higher than those in the 5α-RD2 group and controls. AMH levels in the cryptorchidism group were lower than those in the non-cryptorchidism and control groups both in patients with 5α-RD2 and AIS. These findings provide deeper insight into cryptorchidism and hormonal assessment.