ESPE2024 Poster Category 2 GH and IGFs (22 abstracts)
Postnatal Growth Patterns of Small for Gestational Age Infants Under 1.5 kg Over a Five-Year Period
Fawzia Alyafei 1 , Ashraf Soliman 1 , Anas Abdulkayoum 1 , Nada Alaaraj 1 , Noor Hamed 1 , Shayma Ahmed 1 & Hamdy Ali 2
1Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar. 2Women Wellness and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
Background: Small for Gestational Age (SGA) infants, characterized by a birth weight below the 10th percentile for their gestational age, are susceptible to growth challenges. This longitudinal study investigates the postnatal growth of 10 SGA infants with birth weights under 1.5 kg, tracking their Weight-for-Age Z-score (WAZ), Length-for-Age Z-score (LAZ), and Weight-for-Length Z-score (WLZ) for five years.
Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis followed 10 SGA infants, with routine growth measurements converted into Z-scores against WHO Child Growth Standards. Assessments were conducted at birth, bi-monthly in the first year, and at 18, 24, 36, and 60 months.
Results: Significant catch-up growth was observed, with the most marked improvements in WAZ and LAZ within the initial six months. By 60 months, WAZ improved from -5.20 to -0.55, LAZ from -5.86 to -1.05, and WLZ from -7.36 to -0.18. The growth curves indicated a rapid initial ascent, with WAZ plateauing post-24 months. LAZ showed consistent growth throughout, whereas WLZ presented a substantial initial surge, followed by a period of variability, before stabilizing.
Conclusion: SGA infants born under 1.5 kg demonstrated the ability to undergo significant catch-up growth, particularly in the first two years. By 60 months, the infants approached near-normal growth standards, with WAZ and LAZ nearing the baseline. This evidence suggests a strong potential for growth normalization in SGA infants with sustained healthcare support.
Keywords: Small for Gestational Age, SGA infants, postnatal growth, longitudinal growth patterns, Z-scores, catch-up growth.
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