The Impact of Growth Hormone Therapy on Glucose Metabolism in Individuals with Turner Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review

Ashraf Soliman; Fawzia Alyafei; Nada Alaaraj; Noor Hamed; shayma Ahmed; Amal Sabt

Introduction: Growth hormone (GH) therapy in Turner Syndrome (TS) affects growth and glucose metabolism.

Methods: Reviewed studies focused on GH therapy's impact on glucose metabolism in TS, selecting those with clear outcomes and sufficient sample sizes.

Results: The effects of GH therapy on glucose metabolism in TS vary, with studies indicating both potential risks and benefits (Table1)


Author	Year	Diagnosis	Glycemic Effect of GH Therapy	No. of Patients
A M Rosenfalck et al.	2000	GHD Adults	Deterioration in glucose tolerance, changes in insulin and C-peptide kinetics.	11
Claudia Giavoli et al.	2004	GHD Adults	Worsening of insulin sensitivity short-term; long-term benefits on body composition.	20
Nicole Wooten et al.	2008	TS	Lower abdominal adiposity and improved glucose tolerance.	102
Ellen M N Bannink et al.	2009	TS	Additional beneficial effects on serum lipids; unchanged insulin sensitivity decrease.	39
Li Liang et al.	2006	GHD	Increased risk of insulin resistance and transient glucose metabolic disorder.	44
Christopher J Child et al.	2011	GH-treated Children	Increased incidence of type 2 diabetes compared to the general population.	11686
Federico Baronio et al.	2017	TS	No negative influence on insulin sensitivity and β-cell secretory capacity.	104
Nicole Sheanon et al.	2021	TS	β-Cell dysfunction in TS youth; reduced insulin secretion and sensitivity.	120
Maria Gnacińska et al.	2023	TS	Beneficial change in body composition; trend toward increased insulin sensitivity.	53
Ewa Błaszczyk et al.	2023	TS	Insulin resistance and carbohydrate metabolism impairment development.	89
Sunetra Mondal et al.	2023	TS	High risk for prediabetes; recommendation for close dysglycemia monitoring.	99
M Lutski et al.	2019	Mixed	No diabetes prevalence difference in GHD and SGA vs. general population; increased diabetes in children with pre-existing risk factors.	2513

Discussion: The reviewed studies collectively underscore the complex interplay between GH therapy and glucose metabolism in Turner Syndrome. While growth benefits are evident, the impact on glucose regulation varies, with some studies indicating potential insulin resistance and others noting improvements post-therapy. The divergent outcomes highlight the importance of individualized treatment approaches and vigilant monitoring for glucose abnormalities. Advances in GH therapy must balance efficacy with safety, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to refine treatment protocols and enhance patient care populations.

Conclusion: GH therapy in TS offers benefits but requires cautious glucose metabolism monitoring, emphasizing personalized care and the importance of further research to optimize outcomes.

ESPE Abstracts

P3-146