ESPE Abstracts

Introduction: Inaugural diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) remains a common manifestation of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children; it is a life-threatening condition due to the risk of cerebral edema and hydroelectrolytic complications.

Material and Methods: This is a prospective study over a period of 2 years in the wilaya of Annaba (eastern Algeria) we studied the clinical, biological, therapeutic and progressive characteristics of DKA in in children with newly onset type 1 diabetes with identification of predictive factors for the occurrence of DKA.

Results: We collected 130 initial T1D patients whose age was less than 15 years, 26% patients had DKA at the time of diagnosis, 32% of which was a severe form, children whose age was less than 5 years were the most affected. P = 0.05, this age group was also affected by the most severe form P = 0.028, on the other hand we did not note a severity in relation to sex P = 0.41 the duration of evolution of the diabetes was not linked to the risk of occurrence of DKA P = 0.15, unlike HbA1c which was higher in patients with DKA compared to patients without DKA P = 0.042, DKA was also more frequent in children with no history of diabetes in the family P = 0.0037, All our patients were managed in a pediatric department and have benefited from the international ISPAD scheme, Three of our patients were transferred to an intensive care unit, only a boy of 5 years old died (autistic patient).

Conclusion: DKA was observed in 26% of our patients; this rate must decrease because DKA is a life-threatening condition. Young age and the absence of familial history of T1D are the only 2 predictive factors for the occurrence of DKA in our patients.