ESPE Abstracts

Introduction: Children with type 1 diabetes are at significant risk of developing autoimmune diseases. The international consensus of ISPAD 2022 updated the modalities and pace of screening for the latter. Our goal is to determine the frequency of autoimmune disorders at the time of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in our department.

Materials and Methods: This is a screening for autoimmune thyroiditis and celiac disease in a population of newly diagnosed diabetic children aged less than 15 years in our pediatric diabetology consultation over a 2-years period. Screening for autoimmune thyroiditis is done by measuring TSH, T4, anti-TPO antibodies and anti-TG. Screening for celiac disease is done by measuring anti-transglutaminase and anti-endomysium antibodies, if the serology is positive, a duodenojejunal biopsy is performed to look for total or subtotal villous atrophy (modified Marsh classification).

Results: Thyroiditis, which was screened in 89 patients, was diagnosed 7 times (8% of cases) including 6 cases of hypothyroidism (3 cases of hypothyroidism compensated placed under clinical-biological monitoring and 3 with hypothyroidism disease treated with L-thyroxine) and hyperthyroidism. (Graves' disease with positive anti-TRAK antibody, patient treated with antithyroid agent). Celiac disease that has been screened in 102 patients was found in 7 children (7% of cases) all these patients were put on a gluten-free diet.

Conclusion: Screening for celiac disease and autoimmune thyroiditis is systematic at the time of diagnosis of T1D, screening methods different depending on the center, standardization is necessary. This screening should be continued if it is initially negative.