ESPE2024 Poster Category 2 Growth and Syndromes (39 abstracts)
Leptin, ghrelin, and nesfatin-1 in children born small for gestational age with catch up growth
Hye Jin Lee 1 , Eu Seon Noh 2 , Hye Young Jin 2 , Yena Lee 3 , Young Jun Seo 4 , Eun Byul Kwon 5 , Hwal Rim Jeong 6 , Young Suk Shim 7 , Min Jae Kang 3 & Il Tae Hwang 2
1Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. 2Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. 3Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, South Korea. 4Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, South Korea. 5Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, South Korea. 6Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, South Korea. 7Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, South Korea
Background: Leptin, ghrelin, and nesfatin-1 are peptide hormones which regulates food intake, energy homeostasis and growth hormone synthesis.
Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between leptin, ghrelin and nesfatin-1 with catch-up growth (CUG) in children born small for gestational age (SGA).
Methods: A total of 67 children were included; 34 children born SGA without CUG, 17 children born SGA with CUG, 16 children born appropriate for gestational age as controls. Body mass index (BMI), serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, nesfatin-1, and IGF-I were compared between groups. Relationship between leptin, ghrelin and nesfatin-1 with CUG were evaluated with adjustment for age, sex, BMI z-score and serum IGF-I levels.
Results: Mean age was 8 years old and 50.7% were boys without difference between groups. Mean gestational age was 38 weeks for the total population without difference between groups and the mean birth weight was 2.3 kg for the SGA group (both with and without CUG) and 2.9 kg for the control group. There was no difference between BMI z-score between groups. SGA with CUG group had higher IGF-1 and leptin compared to the SGA without CUG group (196.8 vs. 150.9 ng/mL, P = 0.049 and 6.0 vs 2.4 pg/mL, P = 0.024, respectively). Nesfatin-1 and leptin were positively related to CUG after adjustment with age, sex, BMI z-score, and serum IGF-I level (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1-4.8 for log-transformed nesfatin-1, OR 7.7, 95% CI 1.1-53.5 for log-transformed leptin).
Conclusion: Higher serum leptin and nesfatin-1 levels are related with CUG in children born SGA.
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