ESPE Abstracts

Background: Transient generalized glucocorticoid hypersensitivity is a rare disorder characterized by increased tissue sensitivity to glucocorticoids and compensatory hypoactivation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. The condition itself and the molecular mechanisms that underlie its pathophysiology have not been elucidated as yet. Adenovirus 36 has been reported to cause obesity in various animal species.Objective and Hypotheses...

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) encompasses a group of autosomal recessive disorders which lead to impairment of steroid biosynthesis in the adrenals and gonads. 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) is the most common form of CAH (95%), followed by 11β-hydroxylase deficiency (11OHD) and 3β-dehydrogenase steroid dehydrogenase type 2 deficiency (3bHSD2). LC–MSMS based steroid analysis has become an increasingly important method for steroid analyses i...

Background: Individuals with the ultra-rare genetic disorder FOP experience progressive heterotopic ossification. Median age at diagnosis is 5 years; patients are supported by multiple specialties. Most patients become immobilised by the third decade of life, requiring lifelong assistance. We characterise AADA use as an indicator of disease severity in younger individuals with FOP enrolled in a 36-month, prospective, global NHS (NCT02322255).<p class="abst...

Background: FOP is an ultra-rare, severely disabling genetic disorder characterised by progressive heterotopic ossification. The median age at diagnosis is 5 years and patients are supported by multiple specialties. We describe normal long bone growth changes and incidence of bone abnormalities in participants with FOP aged <18 years in a 3-year, prospective, global NHS (NCT02322255).Methods: Individuals with FOP age...

Background: Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia (FHH) type 1 is a benign condition of hypercalcemia with autosomal dominant inheritance caused by pathogenic variants in the calcium-sensing receptor gene (CASR). CaSR plays a crucial role in the regulation of calcium balance. Inactivating mutations in CASR result in altered calcium-sensing and inappropriate parathyroid hormone (PTH) release concerning the calcium concentration. Dysplasia Epiph...

Increased glycemic variability is an important risk factor in terms of complications independent of HbA1c. The aim of this study was; to investigate the relationship between continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) indices and clinical data, to investigate DNA damage in patients with diabetes and to evaluate the effect of glycemic variability on DNA damage. Fifty patients with T1DM, aged under 18 years old, who were followed up at least one year in Pediatric Endocrinology D...

Introduction: Paediatric morbid obesity (BMI >99.6th centile for age) causes severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) requiring respiratory support. Patient prognosis is poor and requires urgent intervention. Four patients with morbid obesity and severe OSA were admitted for multidisciplinary team (MDT) intensive weight management and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) initiation.Methods: The patients...

Human growth is a complex trait. A considerable number of gene defects have been shown to cause short stature, but there are only few examples of genetic causes of non-syndromic tall stature. Besides rare variants with large effects and common risk alleles with small effect size, oligogenic effects may contribute to this phenotype. Exome sequencing was carried out in a tall male (height 3.5 SDS) and his parents. Filtered damaging variants with high CADD scores were validated b...

Introduction: The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) is a G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and plays a pivotal role in the central regulation of body weight in the hypothalamus. In the context of the leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway, the MC4R is activated by the endogenous ligands a- and b-MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone). This leads to the feeling of satiety and to a reduction in food intake. Mutations within the genes leptin, leptin receptor (LEPR), pr...

Background: Patients with rare monogenic obesity caused by biallelic variants of genes such as proopiomelanocortin (POMC; including variants in PCSK1) or leptin receptor (LEPR) deficiency, experience hyperphagia (a pathologic, insatiable hunger) and early-onset, severe obesity. This suggests potential increased risk over time of obesity-related comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, a cluster of conditions associated with increased risk of cardiovascular...