ESPE Abstracts

Background: It is estimated that 12 000 people in Indonesia experience OI, yet only 35 patients diagnosed with OI until September 2013. It portrayed many under-diagnosed and misdiagnosed OI cases. The limited number of diagnosed OI cases made the management not prioritized and aggravated the lack of awareness of OI. As a consequence, zolendronic acid (ZA), the drug of choice in treating OI in the world, had not yet registered on the list of national essential drugs.<p clas...

2Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaBackground: Short stature is one of the most common findings in Turner syndrome. There are two types of Turner syndrome based on karyotype: classical and mosaic. It is often marked by the body disproportion and dysmorphic profile of the patients. There are still not many data available regarding upper lower body segment ratio (U/L body s...

Background: Carbohydrate counting is an essential part of comprehensive diabetes management and is required for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), according to available guidelines. However, there is no specific evidence-grading for carbohydrate counting. This review was done to determine the effectiveness of carbohydrate counting in improving glycaemic control among children and adolescents with T1DM as measured by glycated haemogl...

Background: Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), a key regulator of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis through its effect on bone, kidney, and intestine. The serum concentration of PTH is derived both from the release of PTH stored in secretory granules and from de novo synthesis of PTH in response to alterations in the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. Magnesium has a potent role in secretion of PTH, while alkaline phosphatase appears to be important ...

Background: Short stature is one of the most common conditions referred to pediatric endocrinology clinics, and treatment with growth hormone (GH) is useful to improve height velocity and adult height, but response may be variable. Growth hormone therapy is indicated in several conditions in pediatric patients, including growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and children born short for gestational age (SGA). We investigated differences in treatment response in Indon...

Background: The incidence of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) worldwide is unknown. In the USA, the incidence is ~1/20 000 live births: for Indonesia (population 240 million) this should extrapolate to 12 000 OI patients rather than the 35 patients currently registered with the Indonesian Pediatrics Society (IPS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM). This enormous disconnect signifies many missed diagnoses, mortality or both.<p class...

Background: Infantile hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an ultra-rare condition that may lead to debilitating morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of HPP in Indonesia is unknown. Enzyme replacement therapy or asfotase alfa, a bone-targeted recombinant alkaline phosphatase, can improve clinical outcome and prognosis of the patients, particularly those with severe type of HPP. The complications of HPP may be life-threatening and contribute to higher mortality in youn...

Background: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare condition that becomes the most frequent cause of severe and persistent hypoglycemia in infants and young children. It may lead to debilitating morbidity and mortality if being diagnosed lately. Congenital hyperinsulinism can be caused by monogenic or syndromic disorders. The prevalence of CHI in Indonesia is still unknown. However, the increasing number of cases referred to the tertiary hospital recently ...

Background: Growth problems, such as stunting, are commonly found in daily pediatric practice. Stunting is a significant problem in developing countries, and is part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Goal 2 of ending hunger. In Indonesia, the rate of stunting in children under 5 years old is still considered high, despite improvement in quality of life due to rapid economic development. The rate of this improvement is unequal throughout the nation, wh...

Background: In 2022, 1.52 million children and adolescents worldwide were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). During COVID-19, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) episodes in newly-onset and established cases increased in 44.2% and 30.1% of paediatric diabetes centres, respectively. In 2017-2019, 1,249 children were diagnosed with T1DM in Indonesia, and 70% were diagnosed with DKA at diagnosis in 2017. Changing Diabetes in Children (CDiC) is a public-priva...