ESPE Abstracts

Background: The atypical appearance of the external genitalia in a neonate, defined as the external masculinization score (EMS) less than 11, should incline the clinicians to perform diagnostic procedure ideally managed by a multidisciplinary team in a tertiary centre. Among the patients with disorders of sex development (DSD), the most challenging subgroup in terms of aetiology, is the subgroup with 46, XY karyotype.Objective and hypotheses: To study th...

Background: Hypophosphatemic rickets (HR) is a group of rare disorders caused by an excessive renal phosphate wasting. The dominant form of X-linked HR (XLHR) is caused by mutation in PHEX (phosphate-regulating endopeptidase) gene. XLHR phenotype is characterized mainly by rickets, bone deformities, short stature, dental anomalies, hypophosphatemia, low renal phosphate reabsorption, normal serum calcium level, hypocalciuria, normal/low serum level of vitamin D (1,25(O...

Background: Turner syndrome (TS) is one of the most common chromosomal aberrations resulting from the total or partial absence of one of the X chromosomes in all or a portion of cells. The presence of genetic material of the Y chromosome in TS patients is a risk factor for the development of gonadoblastoma or dysgerminoma.Objective and hypotheses: The aim of this study was to detect the presence of fragments of the Y chromosome, which increase the risk o...

Background: Hypophosphatemic rickets (HR) is a group of rare disorders caused by excessive renal phosphate wasting. The dominant form of HR is X-linked HR (XLHR) caused by mutation in the phosphate-regulating endopeptidase gene PHEX. There is also autosomal dominant form of HR caused by mutation in FGF23 gene or rare autosomal recessive form caused by DMP1 mutation. The phenotype can vary from very delicate to severe bone disease.<p class="abstex...

Background: One of the crucial aspects of the management of disorders of sex development is the assessment of the risk of malignant transformation of a dysgenetic gonad.Objective and hypotheses: The PCR analysis of germ-cell risk factors as the presence of the TSPY gene may be helpful in decision making of an early gonadectomy.Results: We report a 46,Xdel(Y)p11.3 girl with gonadal dysgenesis, that was referred to the Depar...

Background: Microtubules, polar polymers of αβ-tubulin heterodimers, constitute dynamic cytoskeletal structures implicated in the regulation of axonal activity along with neuronal proliferation and migration. Tubulinopathies, caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding different isotypes of tubulin, lead to a wide and overlapping range of nervous system malformations and neurodevelopmental disorders. Namely, heterozygous missense and nonsense mu...

Background: Face processing is considered the most highly developed visual perception ability, with research indicating differences between genders. Gender incongruence (GI) refers to person’s experience of an incompatibility between gender identity and birth-assigned sex. Differences of sex development (DSD) encompass rare congenital conditions, in which chromosomal, gonadal or phenotypic development is atypical. The study aimed to investigate face proc...

Background: X-linked congenital adrenal hypoplasia (adrenal hypoplasia congenita, AHC) is a rare life-threating disorder due to pathogenic variants in the NR0B1 gene. It encodes DAX-1, an orphan nuclear hormone receptor, that acts as a transcription factor and is expressed in the adrenals and hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Therefore, apart from primary adrenal insufficiency, patients present incomplete or absent puberty and infertility due...

Background: Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is caused by impaired function of GnRH neurons, which clinically manifests by incomplete or absent puberty and infertility. The phenotype may be broader with other developmental anomalies such as anosmia, which is known as Kallmann syndrome. To date, there are more than 40 genes in which mutations underlie CHH. Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is characterized by facial dysmorphia, psychomotor delay, ...

Background and objective: Given phenotype variability as well as limited utility of conventional endocrine investigations in reaching the diagnosis in a 46,XY patient suspected of a disorder of sex development (DSD), there is an increasingly stronger argument for considering targeted genetic sequencing at an earlier stage of the evaluation process. This study focused on identifying the relationship between clinical examination, endocrine and radiological assessment, as well as...