ESPE Abstracts

Background: Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) is a persistent hyperglycaemia diagnosed within the first 6 months of life. A correct genetic diagnosis can affect treatment and clinical outcome. Clinical manifestations at the time of diagnosis include intrauterine growth retardation, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, osmotic polyuria, severe dehydration and failure to thrive. Insulin production is inadequate, requiring exogenous insulin therapy. The treatment corrects the hyp...

Introduction: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in children, characterized by elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels with normal free thyroxine (T4) levels, presents a clinical dilemma. The decision to treat SCH with L-thyroxine versus adopting a watchful waiting approach hinges on the potential benefits and drawbacks.Aim: This review synthesizes evidence from 20 studies to assess the impact of treatment versus...

Introduction: The clinical and genetic characteristics of T1D cases with and without affected family members have been previously studied with varying results. Some investigators found a similarity of presenting features whereas others reported significant differences between the two groups.Patients and methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study to determine the clinical presentation and prevalence of beta cell autoimmunity (Anti GAD, anti-isl...

Studies support the existence of a genetic contribution to both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and additionally suggest a relationship between both types of diabetes. The rapidly growing worldwide epidemic of type 2 diabetes has been partially explained by obesity and the sedentary lifestyle. However, familial factors also seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.). The fact that type 1 and type 2 diabetes cluster in families suggests that some patients ma...

Hypothyroidism is prevalent among pediatric patients with T1DM and is associated with a more aggressive form of the disease. Patients with T1DM and hypothyroidism have higher rates of DKA, develop the disease at younger ages, and require higher insulin doses. T2DM patients are also more prone to thyroid disorders. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in adults with T2DM patients was reported to be 12.3% in Greece and 16% in Saudi Arabia and has been reported to be associated ...

Introduction: The complex interplay between nutritional status, body mass index (BMI), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is pivotal in understanding pediatric growth. Our study investigates these relationships to enhance growth outcomes in children.Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of nutritional interventions on BMI, height growth velocity, and IGF-1 levels in 125 underweight children aged 2-10, who und...

Background: The infantile growth parameters of children diagnosed later in life with GH-deficiency is still very controversial.Methods: We synthesized data from eight key studies, spanning from 1984 to 2003, alongside our current patient data. The LSDS and WtSDS at birth, 2 months, and 24 months are compared, noting the presence or absence of significant growth retardation or deviation from expected growth standards....

Background: The growth and development of human tissues are critically regulated by the Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R) and its ligand IGF-1. Mutations in the IGF1R gene and less frequently in the IGF1 gene are associated with a heterogeneous group of growth disorders, manifesting as intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation.Literature Review: In this review, a total of 47 papers were analyzed, providin...

Introduction: Growth hormone therapy is a cornerstone treatment for children with GHD and ISS. Its impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, however, has been a subject of ongoing research.Review of Literature:Early Observations (1992-2005): Pirazzoli et al. (1992) and Tang et al. (1997) were among the first to document changes in thyroid function due to ...

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing globally, prompting investigations into its effects on various health parameters, including thyroid function.Aim of the Review: To elucidate the relationship between obesity and thyroid function in the pediatric population through a review of recent studies.Review Results: Analysis of studies involvin...