ESPE Abstracts

The neurodevelopmental consequences of neonatal hypoglycaemia are sparsely studied. We included neonates with blood glucose <1.7 mmol/L, but no severe perinatal risk factors, in a follow-up with blinded Wechsler’s Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (WISC-IV), Movement ABC-2 tests and child behaviour checklist (CBCL). Neurodevelopmental impairment was defined as psychomotor retardation, blindness, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, WISC-IV score <70, or Movement ABC-2 <...

Background: Vitamin D may have cardio-protective properties due to its biological actions. In children, observational studies linking actual vitamin D level and blood pressure have yielded conflicting results. Whether early life vitamin D exposure may elicit a programming effect on later systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) needs further investigation.Objective and hypotheses: We investigated whether higher levels of cord 25-h...

Background: Vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets and impaired bone growth in infants. In India, randomization to higher vitamin D supplementation doses in pregnancy led to decreased anterior fontanelle and increased head circumference at 0 and 9 months.Objective and hypotheses: To investigate the impact of cord 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations on cranial measures.Method: In a Danish prospective birth cohort of 2549 mo...

Background: Insulinomas are extremely rare tumors in children and an uncommon first manifestation of the MEN1 syndrome. An early clinical and genetic diagnosis is very important for the appropriate medical assessment and family counseling. In children, insulinomas are usually benign tumors with only a few reports of malignant cases.Objective and hypotheses: To investigate clinical features, genetic and morphological characteristics of 12 children with pr...

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency is one of the most common monogenic autosomal recessive disorders with an incidence of one in 15 000, and even more common in some populations. Do carriers have a survival advantage?Objective and hypotheses: The HPA axis has been reported to be more active in CYP21A2 carriers, and possibly enable a more rapid return to homeostasis. A compensatory increase in CRH s...

Background: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is produced by granulosa cells in small follicles prior to gonadotropin dependent growth and serum levels reflect the number of small antral follicles. There are currently no longitudinal data of individual AMH levels from infancy to adolescence.Aim: To evaluate whether AMH in infancy and childhood is associated with AMH levels and ovarian morphology peripubertal and in adole...

Context: The early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis during infancy can be used in the evaluation of infants suspected of disorders of sex development (DSD). However, few data exists on sex-specific reference ranges for these hormones during early life.Objective: To evaluate sex-differences in reproductive hormone concentrations in serum from healthy infants in order to define sex-specific cut-off values and to apply these in infants ...

Background: Minipuberty denotes a transient activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) hormone axis in infancy. This activation provides an opportunity to examine the gonadal function in infants suspected of hypogonadism before the axis is silenced during childhood. However, female minipuberty remains poorly elucidated. Objective: The study aimed to evaluate dynamic changes in luteinizing hormone (LH), follic...

Background: Minipuberty denotes a period 1–6 months postnatally in boys during which a transient activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is observed. This early hormone activation can be used diagnostically in patients suspected of pituitary deficiency and differences in sex development. However, its significance for prediction of reproductive function in healthy young men is unknown.Objective: To eval...

Background: Growth during infancy is a continuation of the rapid fetal growth and its regulation is complex and multifactorial. It is well-established that insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and its regulators (e.g. IGF binding proteins (IGFBP-3) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A2 (PAPP-A2)) are important for prenatal and postnatal growth; however, their significance for growth during infancy is not fully explored.Aims: The aim...