ESPE Abstracts

Congenital hyperinsulinism (HI) is the most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants, and children, and is caused by genetic mutations in pancreatic beta-cells. Current therapies are burdensome, have limited efficacy, and are associated with significant morbidity. CRN04777 is a potent, orally-bioavailable, selective SST5 agonist that suppresses insulin secretion in the terminal steps of the insulin secretion pathway and could be useful for patients with con...

Introduction: Growth hormone (GH) is essential for stimulating growth and cell proliferation through its effects on metabolism, cartilage and bone growth. We have conducted initial studies to find new biomarkers for GH deficiency and early treatment response, focusing on miRNAs expressed in both sexes. We aimed at investigating sex-specific differences in circulating miRNAs at baseline and after 3 months on GH treatment in a cohort of prepubertal children with...

Sex-steroid hormones such as testosterone and estradiol play a key role in sexual differentiation during gestation but exert also strong effects on the body and the brain during puberty or even in adulthood. In addition, influences on cognition and emotional processing are frequently reported. The investigations of transgender people undergoing cross-sex hormone therapy provide a unique model for studying those effects on gray and white matter brain structure in vivo by using ...

Introduction: Idiopathic short stature (ISS) and growth hormone deficiency (GHD) are conditions that can result in various cognitive and behavioral abnormalities. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a valuable tool for investigating brain functional connectivity and maturity, offering insights into the neurological underpinnings of ISS and GHD. This review summarizes fMRI findings and their clinical associations, highlighting differences in brain m...

Background: During puberty, gray matter (GM) volume decreases and white matter (WM) volume increases in brain. It has been suggested that pubertal hormones may induce some neuroanatomical changes during puberty. Central precocious puberty (CPP) is caused by premature activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis in inappropriately early age. However, little is known about the differences of brain structure (especially brain volume) in idiopathic CPP. Also the relation ...

Introduction: This review aims to chronologically summarize MRI findings in children with GHD, correlating these changes with clinical characteristics and GH testing results, and IGF-1 levels.Methods: We reviewed MRI studies conducted from 1991 to 2024, focusing on structural and functional brain changes in children with GHD. Data were extracted from various studies and arranged chronologically.<st...

This review summarizes the prevalence and degree of functional brain changes detected by fMRI in Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD) patients and their clinical associations in studies from 2019 to 2024Results: Author Year Prevalence of F...

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a common autoimmune condition in childhood and may be complicated by episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a state of severe insulin deficiency, resulting in hyperglycemia, ketonemia, acidemia, and systemic inflammation. This is predominantly attributable to intracerebral complications. We report a girl with a newly diagnosed T1DM who presented with DKA and cerebral infarction.Case: A 13-year-old p...

Objective: The overarching hypothesis explored in this research was discerning the relations between the neuro-cognitive accomplishments of adolescents with T1D patients and healthy siblings of similar age, according to the transient glucose excursions, and the quantitative parameters of white matter in specific pathways according to glycaemic control.Research Design and Methods: A case-control study included 12-18 years...

Background: Sulfonylurea therapy (SU) allows a better metabolic control than insulin in patients with neonatal diabetes secondary to mutation in potassium channel subunits (ND-K). Most of these patients have neurological and neuromotor developmental impairments whose changes under SU has not been studied in a systematic and prospective way in a large cohort.Objective and Hypotheses: To demonstrate the beneficial effect of SU on neuropsychological functio...