ESPE Abstracts

Background: Secretion of catecholamines by adipose tissue M2 macrophages was recently proposed as a molecular mechanism leading to activation of brown adipose tissue and heat generation in mice. However, published data are conflicting and it is not clear whether this pathway might play a role in humans. To shed light on this, we studied macrophage polarization in human white and brown adipose tissue and related it to thermogenic gene expression.Methods: ...

Background: First line treatment for thyrotoxicosis is thionamide (TA) antithyroid drug therapy. The TA used is usually Carbimazole in the UK. TA can be administered in a relatively large 'blocking' dose that prevents endogenous thyroid hormone synthesis, requiring thyroid hormone replacement (block and replace or BR), or in a smaller dose that renders the patient euthyroid (dose titration or DT). The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends DT be...

Background: Links between early life exposures and long-term health outcomes may in part be due to nutritional programming, and suggested benefits of breast feeding during infancy include reduced risk of obesity and metabolic disease. Mechanisms remain unexplained but potential differences in lipid exposures during infancy may be involved.Objective and hypotheses: To explore the effects of breast- or formula-feeding on lipidomic profiles we used recently...

Beckwith Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a rare overgrowth disorder characterised by macroglossia, exomphalos, lateralised overgrowth, organomegaly, hyperinsulinism, and an increased risk of embryonic tumor during early life. In about 80% of BWS cases, molecular defects are identified at the imprinted 11p15.5 region which contains the IGF2 and the CDKN1C genes (most patients show methylation defects at either imprinting control region IC1 or IC2, or paternal unip...

Background: Due to the rarity of Paediatric Cushing’s disease (CD) there is limited data on the long-term consequences of treatment.Objective and hypotheses: We assessed recurrence, anterior pituitary function and psychiatric disorders in a group of paediatric CD patients treated in a single centre.Method: Retrospective review of 20 patients with CD, mean age 11.75 years (5.74–17.8), managed in our centre between 1986 and...

Background: There are limited data available on the efficacy and safety of GH treatment in very young (<30 months) short children, born small for gestational age (SGA).Objectives: To determine the effect of 24 months of GH treatment on body height, BMI, and head growth as well as overall psychomotor development (using the Bayley Scale of Infant Development (BSID-II)) and demonstrate its safety in young (aged between 19 and 29 months) short SGA childr...

Longitudinal growth is driven by endochondral ossification at the growth plate, where chondrocytes undergo a well-organized cellular differentiation process from stem-like progenitors to rapidly-proliferating transit-amplifying cells and to hypertrophic chondrocytes. Numerous recent studies have demonstrated that epigenetic modifications play a crucial role in human development and childhood growth. For example, Brachydactyly mental retardation syndrome (BDMR) is caused by hap...

Background: Multiple daily injections of insulin for children and young people with diabetes can be very daunting and, some have a phobia of needles. As a result, for some individuals, the use of an i-port device can be life-changing and help with their diabetes management. The i-port is an injection port that enables diabetes patients to administer their insulin without having to puncture their skin multiple times in a day. In most cases, the i-port can stay ...

Background: The classical presentation of type 1 diabetes mellitus is as diabetic ketoacidosis. As health awareness and access to healthcare improves, more subjects with type 1 diabetes are diagnosed early and present with less severe forms of hyperglycaemia. India accounts for most of the children with type 1 diabetes in South East Asia, but studies on the initial presentation is lacking from India.Objective and hypotheses: The aim of the study was to a...

Introduction: Daily insulin requirement in type 1 diabetes (T1D) depends on various factors.Objectives: To study the correlation of waist circumference (WC) and BMI to daily insulin requirements (TDD) and examine the ethnic variation in this correlation. Associations of estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) a surrogate marker of insulin resistance were also studied.Methods: Cross-sectional study of children with T1D attending a di...