ESPE Abstracts

Background: There are few reports on age-related differences in urinary iodine concentrations, which reflect iodine intake.Objective: We investigated the relationship between age-related differences in urinary iodine concentration and thyroid function.Methods: The subjects were 749 children aged 1 year, 677 children aged 3 years (excluding 2 children aged 3 years whose urinary iodi...

Introduction: Thyroid diseases are among the most common endocrine disorders affecting children and adolescents. These conditions are often associated with a wide range of skin disorders such as xerosis, mixedema, hypohidrosis, eczema, and more rarely hypertrichosis.Case: A 5-year-old female child was referred to our clinic due to short stature, Cushingoid appearance and marked hypertrichosis. At birth length and weight ...

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a common and preventable cause of mental retardation in children, and is detected using dried blood spots in many neonatal screening programs. Upon suspicion of CH, plasma free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations are measured. CH can be of thyroidal or central origin (CH-T and CH-C, respectively). While CH-T diagnosis is based on an elevated plasma TSH in combination with a low FT4,...

Background: Identification of Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) is an essential part of Newborn Bloodspot Screening (NBS) in the UK. NBS for CH relies on Blood Spot (BS) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) measurement in newborns on day 5 of life. Diagnostic confirmation of a screen positive result requires measurement of plasma/serum free thyroxine (fT4) and TSH but technetium thyroid scanning is not mandatory. Technetium-99m scintigraphy can be used to define siz...

Introduction: Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is a relatively uncommon disorder that is usually associated with mutations in thyroid hormone receptor (THR) beta, although rarely THR alpha mutations have been described. RTH beta (RTHB) is often inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. We describe two cases of RTHB to highlight the significant variations in both clinical presentation and family history.Case 1: A 2 year old patient ...

Background: The proper function of fetal thyroid gland depends on a proper content of iodine in mother’s diet and its transplacental transportation. Fetal iodine overload may be responsible for fetal hypothyroidism. Amiodarone is an iodine-rich antiarrhythmic medication and it contains 37% iodine by weight. Fetal tachyarrhythmia is associated with significant perinatal morbidity and mortality. If left untreated can cause congestive heart failure and non-immune hydrops fet...

Background: Permanent neonatal diabetes (PND)with heterozygous mutations of KCNJ11, respond to treatment with sulphonylureas. We report a case of PND in a baby, and mother previously mis-diagnosed with Type 1 DM. Both were switched from insulin to oral sulphonylureas. We evaluate the response and evolution.Case report: A male newborn at 37 weeks’ gestation, with a birthweight 2750 g (40thC) and length 48 cm (40thC), was admitte...

Background: Up to 20% of infants referred on newborn congenital hypothyroidism (CH) screening are subsequently shown to have transient TSH elevation rather than permanent CH. Correct identification of such cases is important to avoid prolonged treatment with thyroxine and unnecessary clinic attendance.Objective: To determine the prevalence, trends and profile of infants with transient TSH elevation referred between August 1979 and December 2015 by the Sc...

Backgrounds: The prevalence of congenital malformations (CM) is higher in infants referred with capillary (c) TSH elevation on newborn screening. However, establishing the prevalence of CM ± dysmorphic syndromes in true congenital hypothyroidism (CH) requires careful distinction between true and transient CH.Objective: To determine the prevalence of CM ± dysmorphic syndromes in all infants referred with TSH elevation on newborn screening in Sco...

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) occurs in 1:3000–1:4000 newborns. The majority of newborns with CH are detected by routine screening programs and treatment is promptly initiated following confirmatory thyroid function testing. Although early imaging studies do not influence the treatment decision or management, they establish the underlying diagnosis and may distinguish between permanent and transient CH.Objective: To assess the role of e...