ESPE Abstracts

Background: Transgender adolescents may be treated with gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) consisting of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) and cross-sex hormones. Limited data are available regarding the metabolic effects of GAHT in adolescence.Objective: To evaluate the lipid profiles and HbA1c in transgender adolescents after one year of cross-hormone treatment.Patients...

Background: Recent work revealed two pathways in androgen biosynthesis, namely the classic and an alternative, the backdoor pathway. In this alternative pathway dihydrotestosterone is produced from 17-hydroxyprogesterone without the intermediacy of testosterone using mostly enzymes that are specific to the backdoor path. In the human ovary, regulation of androgen production plays a crucial role in normal physiology and in pathologies such as the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS...

The leptin melanocortin signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in body weight regulation within the hypothalamus. Gene mutations within this cascade are leading to early onset obesity and severe hyperphagia in rodents and humans. For the affected patients it is extremely difficult to stabilize body weight based on the persisting hunger feeling. Traditional treatment options (increased exercise, reduced caloric intake) are not effective in most cases. Therefore, there is a need...

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Background: Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their parents need personalized i) information about the disease and glucose homeostasis and ii) knowledge and guidelines about diet and insulin therapy.Objectives: To set a complete educational program that allows children with T1D to improve disease management and daily life.Methods: Education modules were written and trained with children and parents at outpatient visits. Each ...

Background: Milk supplementation increases serum IGF-I concentrations in healthy children and the effect is attributed to elevation of insulin and/or direct effects of milk proteins. Low serum IGF-I concentrations are common among children with short stature and may be associated with GH deficiency but poor nutrition/malabsorption may also contribute. Effects of nutritional supplementation on serum IGF-I is poorly studied in short children.Aim: To invest...

Background: Delaying puberty with GnRHa in an attempt to improve final height in GH treated children is relatively common in clinical practice. Such treatment is only supported by one retrospective study in which pubertal start was relatively early.Objective and hypotheses: To retrospectively assess adult height in children with short stature treated with GH and receiving or not receiving GnRHa. We hypothesized that delaying puberty with GnRHa improves a...

Background: Disorders of sex development (DSD) can be caused by many hormonal and genetic defects. One rare condition is a mutation of the SRY-gene disturbing normal sex differentiation. Identical twins with this disorder of varying degree are presented to learn how difficult social sex assignment may be in such a case.Case presentation: Identical 46, XY twins were born in 1985 from non consanguineous, healthy parents of German origin. T...

Background: Bone growth and mineralization during childhood are now recognized as important for bone health in adulthood, leading to renewed interest in identifying modifiable factors that impact bone mineral density (BMD) in childhood. Emerging data suggest that duration of breastfeeding may affect BMD in later childhood and adult life. However, such data are sparse and inconsistent.Objectives: This study examined the relationship betwe...

Objectives: Abdominal fat has been strongly linked to increased cardiometabolic risk and impaired glucose regulation in adults. Owing to the lack of detailed body composition phenotyping in most previous child cohort studies, the temporal links between abdominal fat accumulation and impaired glucose regulation have not been well established. In this study, we evaluated the associations of abdominal fat assessed by MRI at early infancy (≤21 days after birth) and at 4.5 ye...