ESPE Abstracts

Objective and context: Celiac disease (CD) is a common autoimmune disorder in type 1 diabetes (T1D), ranging from 5–10% in Caucasian population. There is limited data on the prevalence of CD in T1D and its association with HLA-DQ in India. We studied the HLA genotyping in patients of T1DM with CD in India.

Design: The study was done in case control design.

Patients and measurements: In a cross-sectional study, 146 T1D patients and 61 age sex matched healthy controls were screened for CD by clinical and immunological criteria [anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (tTG) antibody], and confirmed by endoscopic duodenal biopsy. HLA typing was performed by SSP-PCR method in patients with CD.

Results: The mean age of T1D patients was 18.3±8.1 years. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1, anti-tTG was positive in 20.5% patients, while the biopsy confirmed CD in 20 (13.6%) cases only. The most common clinical feature was failure to thrive followed by short stature and anemia. There was a significant correlation between the high-risk allele DQ2.5 (DQA1*05:01-DQB1*02:01) in CD with T1D (nine cases, 45%) while none of controls had it.

Conclusion: There was high prevalence of CD in T1D in our study. HLA DQ2.5 as a high-risk genotype was seen in 45% patients with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease and none of the controls. DQ typing can help detect CD risk.