ESPE Abstracts

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is defined as insulin resistance associated with a progressive insulin-secretory defect, its incidence in the pediatric population has increased in parallel with the global increase in obesity.

Objectives: The objectives of our study are to determine the frequency of T2DM in our consultation and to identify the diagnostic circumstances as well as the therapeutic modalities.

Material and Methods: In our pediatric diabetology consultation, we collected 30 cases of T2DM between June 2015 and June 2024, the diagnosis was based on the history, clinical and biological data and the good response to oral hypoglycemic agents.

Results: The age at diagnosis was between 12.3 and 17 years, with 24 girls and 6 boys, the BMI was between 20.5 and 57 kg/m2, a history of T2DM was found in all patients, acanthosis nigricans was present in 24 patients, HbA1c at diagnosis was 6.4 to 13.5%, C-peptide was normal in 25 patients, insulinemia was variable (normal in 15, elevated in 12 and decreased in 3 patients), anti-DT1 antibodies were negative in all patients and only one positive in one patient, lipid balance was disturbed in only 7 patients, six adolescent girls had polycystic ovary syndrome. Screening for microangiopathic complications performed in most patients was negative. Twenty patients initially received insulin therapy, then were placed on oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) with a good response. 7 patients were immediately put on OHAs and three patients on diet.

Conclusion: There is a need to know how to think about T2D in children with specific circumstances of diabetes onset, such as puberty, obesity, and a family history of T2D. Treatment consists of the administration of oral hypoglycemic agents with good monitoring of patients to know how to reintroduce insulin if necessary.