ESPE Abstracts

Background: Almost all cases of hyperthyroidism in children result from Graves’ disease (GD). Recent studies have confirmed a significant role of T cells in the development of autoimmune diseases. However, the interactions between NKT-like cells and NK cells in GD are still poorly understood.Objective and hypotheses: The aim of the study was to assess the frequencies of peripheral blood T, NK and NKT-like cells in children with GD.<p class="abst...

Background: Graves’ disease (GD) involves autoimmunity against TSH receptor (TSHR) bearing cells, leading to hyperthyroidism and often orbitopathy. When hyperthyroidism is treated with radioactive iodine (RAI), exacerbation of the orbital disease can occur.Objective and hypotheses: We hypothesized that RAI has immune effects affecting the balance between auto-reactive T cells and T cells with regulatory properties.Method: We m...

Background: In precocious puberty, girls experienced secondary sexual development earlier psychologically as well as physically. Self-stress due to a different body shape from the peer group, psychological concerns due to discrepancies between physical and chronological age, and long-term behavioural problems could occur.Objective and hypotheses: The aim of this study was to evaluate psychosocial changes in girls with precocious puberty between before an...

Background: Androgen excess in childhood is a common clinical presentation and might signify serious pathology. We have recently explored patterns and severity of androgen excess in a large female adult cohort to differentiate common polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) from non-PCOS pathology, including congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), ovarian hyperthecosis and adrenal and ovarian tumours (Elhassan et al., JCE&M 2018). Herein, we undertake a similar approach f...

Background: Main diagnosis of 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD) with normal testosterone secretion Androgen insensivity sydrome (AIS) or 5α-reductase deficiency (5α-RD). In prepubertal period, AIS and 5α-RD present indistinguishable phenotypes that necessitate the molecular analyses for the definitive diagnosis.Objective and hypotheses: Clinical, hormonal and genetic investigation of 46,XY DSD patients who considered as PAIS or 5&#9...

Introduction: The precise pathogenesis of Graves’ disease (GD) still remains unclear, especially in the field of immunological aspects. Thyroid infiltration by reactive T and B lymphocytes plays a crucial role in the course of autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATD). Previous pattern of inflammation process was characterized by the presence of two antagonistic groups of T effector or also called- helper cells: Th1 and Th2. Recently, more attention is paid to T...

Objective: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM)and obesity represent two major health hazards in children and adolescents, with rising prevalence. Several markers have been developed in order to diagnose T2DM and detect potential metabolic abnormalities.The objective of the study was to examine glucose tolerance in Greek children and adolescents and the differences in the glucose, insulin and c-peptide response curves between male and female children and adolescents...

Objective: The programmed cell death 1 protein (PD1) is a T lymphocyte membrane receptor, which when bound to its ligand PD – L1 inactivates the cytotoxic T lymphocyte, thereby down regulating the immune response. Cancer may upregulate PD – L1 on the cell surface, further downregulating the immune response. Nivolumab, a so called check point inhibitor, is a PD1 antibody, and when bound to PD1 keep the cytotoxic T lymphocyte active. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation b...

Background: 46,XY patients with SF-1 mutations have sex reversal or ambiguous genitalia (with or adrenal insufficiency) due to dysgenetic testis. In most cases, a severe defect in testosterone (T) production has been found. We described here 3 cases showing the variability in T production.Results: Case 1: A was seen at the age of 17 years for primary amenorrhea. Tanner stage was B2PH3. External genitalia were normal. FSH was 55 IU/l, LH 17 IU/l,...

Objective: To study clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with disorders of sex development (DSD) 45,X/46,XY.Subjects and methods: It was included 248 patients with genital ambiguity, which were divided into groups based on cytogenetic survey. All children with mosaicism 45,X/46,XY evaluated the structure of the external genitalia on the external masculinization score (EMS, range 0–12), ultrasound examination, the definition of anti-Mu...