ESPE Abstracts

Introduction: Adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by androgen excess and oligo-amenorrhea, and often results from ectopic lipid storage due to a mismatch between early adipogenesis and later lipogenesis. Endogenous HOTAIR and exogenous pioglitazone are enhancers of subcutaneous adipogenesis, particularly in the gluteofemoral region. The A allele of HOTAIR rs1443512 is an equivalent of a natural knock-down and is thus a candidate to inf...

Background: In humans, activating mutations in the PRKAR1A gene cause acrodysostosis1 (ACRDYS1). Two striking features of this rare developmental and skeletal disorder are renal resistance to PTH and chondrodysplasia resulting from the constitutive inhibition of PTHR1/Gsa/AC/cAMP/PKA signaling caused by the PRKAR1A mutations.Objective and hypotheses: Document the consequences of the germline expression of a PRKAR1A mutation causing a dominant repression ...

Background: H2O2 produced in large quantities in the thyroid may play a role in the pathogenesis of thyroid nodules and cancer. In vitro, moderate amounts of H2O2 are able to cause similar DNA damage compared to irradiation and even to induce RET/PTC rearrangements.Objective and hypotheses: We compared the defence mechanisms against H2O2 and irradiation in human thyrocytes, T-cell...

Background: H2O2 produced in large quantities in the thyroid may play a role in the pathogenesis of thyroid nodules and cancer. In vitro, moderate amounts of H2O2 are able to cause similar DNA damage compared to irradiation and even to induce RET/PTC rearrangements.Objective and hypotheses: We compared the defence mechanisms against H2O2 and irradiation in human thyrocytes, T-cell...

Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hyperphagia and abnormal behaviours towards food for both of which no approved treatment is available. Elevated plasma acylated ghrelin (AG) documented at all ages in PWS suggest that the ghrelin system may contribute to the pathophysiology of hyperphagia. Administration of unacylated ghrelin and 8-amino acid analog AZP-531 prevents AG-induced food consumption in animals and improves glucose co...

Background: Maternal bariatric surgery is associated with increased risk of small-for-gestational-age infants. Risk of nutritional deficiencies in neonates of mothers with prior gastric bypass (GBP) is unclear.Methods: This study compared the clinical and cord blood biological characteristics of 56 newborns of GBP mothers and 56 newborns of healthy mothers, in the Obstetrics Department of Angers University Hospital between 01/03/2008 and 31/10/2012. Afte...

Background: Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) results from abnormalities in the genomic imprinting process leading to hypothalamic dysfunction with an alteration of GH secretion. PWS is associated with early morbid obesity and short stature which can be efficiently improved with GH treatment.Objective and hypotheses: Our aims were to highlight adipose tissue structural and functional impairments in young children with PWS and to study the effect of GH tre...

Background: Early-life risk factors of childhood obesity include maternal obesity; smoking, diabetes and high weight gain during pregnancy for the mother; short duration of breastfeeding and poor quality of early feeding in the infants. Perinatal life thus may be a good period for primary prevention.Objective and hypotheses: We aimed to evaluate whether perinatal education of overweight pregnant women would reduce childhood overweight.<p class="abste...

Objective: Recent experimental data suggest that circulating serotonin interacts with bone metabolism, although this is less clear in humans. This study investigated whether serum serotonin interferes with bone metabolism in young women with anorexia nervosa (AN), a clinical model of energy deprivation.Methods: Serum serotonin, markers of bone turnover (osteocalcin (OC), procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (PINP), type 1-C telopeptide breakdown prod...

Insulin resistance and hepato-visceral (central) fat excess are thought to contribute to an earlier timing of adrenarche/pubarche and puberty/menarche; this earlier timing in turn relates often to a mismatch between pre- and postnatal weight gain, which can be estimated by calculating the Z-score change from birth weight (BW) to body mass index (BMI) in childhood. We tested the hypothesis that this calculation may serve as a proxy of insulin resistance and hepato-visceral adip...