ESPE Abstracts

Background: Childhood obesity associated with risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) and paucity in Indian literature regarding correlation between clinical and biochemical parameters in obese and MetS.

Objective and hypotheses: Comparing clinical and biochemical correlation of obese children, controls and MetS.

Method: Eighty children (40 obese and 40 age and sex matched controls) 5–18 years recruited after approval by Institutional Ethics Committe. BMI, Waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP) recorded after informed consent/assent. Lipid profile measured using auto analyser and Insulin levels by electrochemiluminescence and Fasting blood sugar by glucose oxidase method.

Results: Mean age of study population was similar in both cases and controls-11.15±2.52 (M:F=23:17)with 19(47.5%) prepubertal (M:F=10:9) and 21 (52.5%) postpubertal (M:F=13:8). BMI and WC higher in obese (26.58±1.88 vs 17.58±1.72–P<0.001), (72.34±6.24 vs 65.03±5.89–P<0.001) respectively. Mean Systolic and diastolic BP in obese was comparable 100±5.73 and 64.70±4.65. Calorie intake higher in obese (1893.55±329.96 vs 1657.60±290.30–P=0.001). S.Cholesterol (Chol) were comparable (P=0.22).STriglyceride (TG) raised in obese (135.50±43.32 vs 89.08±12.46) P<0.001 and low density lipoprotein (LDL) was 86.58±22.18 in obese vs controls 68.83±9.68 (P<0.001). Serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) low in obese than controls (37±4.37, 42.70±6.42-P<0.001). Fasting blood sugar in obese was 93.78±7.08 and comparable. Insulin levels higher in obese (11.51±4.73 vs 6.08±2.46–P<0.001). Age, BMI and WC correlated positively with insulin and LDL. 4 (21%) prepubertalobese and 14 (66%) postpubertalhad MetS. Mean BMI (29.45±3.08 vs 26.58±1.88), WC (77.17±4.5 vs 72.34±6.2), FBS (97.02±2.2 vs 93.78±7.08), Chol (158.31±17.7 vs 142.87±13.96), TG (165.69±44.6 vs 135.5±40.9) and LDL (95±26.1 vs 79.21±22.4) significantly higher among obese with MetS, P<0.01. BMI and WC had significant positive correlation with dyslipidemia and FBS, P<0.05.

Conclusion: Obese children have high BMI, increased WC and higher prevalence of dyslipidaemia putting them at high risk of MetS. High BMI and increased WC correlated strongly with increased LDL and high insulin levels. With onset of puberty WC and BMI increases significantly and worsening of dyslipidaemia. Children with MetS had significantly higher BMI and WC, Lipid parameters and Insulin levels than obese.