ESPE2016 Poster Presentations Pituitary and Neuroendocrinology P1 (36 abstracts)
FGFR1 Loss-of-Function Mutations of in Three Japanese Patients with Isolated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism and Split Hand/Foot Malformation
Kohnosuke Ohtaka a , Rie Yamaguchi a , Hideaki Yagasaki a , Tatsuya Miyoshi b , Hiroyuki Hasegawa b , Tomonobu Hasegawa c , Hideaki Miyoshi d , Maki Fukami e & Tsutomu Ogata a
aDepartment of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan; bDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan; cDepartment of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; dDivision of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; eDepartment of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
Background: Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of FGFR1 are known to cause Kallmann syndrome (KS) and isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). Furthermore, recent studies have also indicated that heterozygous loss-of-function mutations lead to IHH and split hand/foot malformation (SHFM).
Objective and hypotheses: The objective of this study was to examine FGFR1 in three Japanese patients with IHH and SHFM.
Method: This study consisted three Japanese patients (cases 1–3) with IHH and SHFM. Case 1 was a 3-month-old boy with micropenis, low serum LH (<0.1 mIU/ml) and testosterone (<0.03 ng/ml) at mini-puberty, and right split hand. Case 2 was a 17-year-old boy with no pubertal development, low serum LH (<0.1 mIU/ml) and testosterone (<0.03 ng/ml), and bilateral split hands and feet. Case 3 was a 34-year-old female with primary amenorrhea, low serum LH (0.4 mIU/ml) and E2 (<10 pg/ml), and left split hand. We performed direct sequencing for FGFR1 coding regions and their flanking splice sites, luciferase analysis for missense mutations, and RT-PCR based sequence analysis and in silico analysis for a splice donor site mutation.
Results: Direct sequencing identified two heterozygous missense mutations (a previously reported p.G97S in case 1 and a novel p.R744T in case 2) and a novel heterozygous splice donor site mutation (IVS12+1G>T in case 3). The two missense mutations had drastically reduced luciferase activities, without a dominant negative effect. The splice donor site mutation was found to have yielded a small amount of mRNA skipping exon 12 (p.Ser518_Gly555delinsCys), and was predicted to have produced two aberrant mRNAs that satisfy the condition for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, by using an alternative splice donor site (p.G555fsX630) and by escaping splicing at the IVS12 exon-intron junction (p.G555fsX571).
Conclusion: The results provide further support for the notion that heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of FGFR1 cause IHH with SHFM.
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