ESPE Abstracts

Neonatal Diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare genetic disease. In this report, we presented a case of NDM due to mutation in GCK gene. A male baby born to a non-consanguineous parent at 42 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 3.2 kg. The mother was diagnosed with gestational diabetes; no special treatment was given. The first episode of hyperglycemia was registered at the age of 13 days at hospitalization due to bronchitis /blood glucose -6.2⁓7.9 mmol/l. Due to mild h...

Background: Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) deficiency is the commonest monogenic form of non-syndromic obesity. MC4R is a seven transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor implicated in central regulation of body weight. The loss-of-function mutations in MC4R gene will contribute to early-onset obesity associated with hyperinsulinemia, hyperphagia and “binge eating”. We aim to determine the prevalence of MC4R variants in a Pediatrics...

Hyponatremia is a common electrolytes disorder in children. It can result from sodium chloride losses through GI, the kidneys, or in the sweat. Sodium chloride loss in the sweat can be caused by many different etiologies as cystic fibrosis, malnutrition, metabolic diseases, dermatological diseases and endocrine diseases. We are reporting a 6 months old boy, medically free, who had recurrent admissions to the PICU as a case of hyponatremic dehydration, with a sodium level of 11...

Purpose: Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a rare X-linked recessive disorder caused by unresponsiveness to androgen because of mutations in the AR gene. Here, we investigated the clinical outcomes and molecular spectrum of AR variants in patients with AIS attending a single academic center.Methods: This study included 19 patients with AIS who were confirmed by molecular analysis of AR. Clinical features and endoc...

Background/Objectives: Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) is characterised by primary gonadal failure with excess of pituitary gonadotropin secretion. The causes can be congenital or acquired. Herein, we report a case of a 10-years-old-boy with obesity, development of HH during follow-up and a novel genetic variant in NR5A1 (SF1) gene with de novo origin.Methods: The child presented with obesity (started at the age of 5...

Introduction: Phenotype gender is the outcome of a long and coordinated set of fetal events that are controlled by genetic factors, hormonal factors and environmental factor. In the case of the 46XY fetus, SRY gene on chromosome Y determines the gender and cause bipotential gonad change to testes. And other factors such as sertolli cell by secreting anti-Mullerian hormone which leads to regression of the structures rooted in the paramesonephric ducts (tubes, w...

Background: Approximately 10% of children born small for gestational age (SGA) fail to catch-up nd remain short (SGA-SS). Although several mechanisms causing SGA-SS have been elucidated, the primary cause remains speculative in most cases.Aim: To decipher genetic causes of SGA-SS defined as birth length and/or birth weight <-2 SD for gestational age, and body height <-2.5 SD after the 3rd year of life within a larg...

Background: Proteins encoded by LEP, LEPR and MC4R genes are principally involved in driving the leptin-melanocortin pathway. Mutations in these genes induce a rare and severe form of monogenic obesity but the long-term evolution of these afflictions is unknown. Here, we carried out a clinical investigation on 132 children with LEP, LEPR and MC4R deficiency from Pakistan to evaluate progression of the disease and its impact on co-mor...

Background: Subtle phenotypic differences have previously been described among children with varied genetic subtypes of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) – 15q11-q13 paternal microdeletion, maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD), and rare imprinting center defects. The MKRN3 gene, located on 15q11.2, is a master regulator of pubertal initiation and is a candidate gene for abnormal pubertal development in PWS.Objective and hy...

Background: Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) in children is an uncommon condition. Diagnosis is usually challenging especially in resource limited settings where facilities for antibodies and genetic testing are constrained. Many genetic etiologies have been reported in children with PAI due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and Allgrove syndrome are the commonest identified genetic causes to date in Sudan. Studies from Africa are rare and here we des...