ESPE Abstracts

Background: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI), is the most common cause of severe hypoglycaemia in neonates and infants. The cornerstone of medical therapy is diazoxide. Octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, is the second therapeutic option in diazoxide unresponsive cases. However, due to its short half-life and requirement of multiple daily doses, lack of compliance may cause recurring hypoglycaemia and related neurological deficits, particularly for the family with low socioec...

Introduction: Hypospadias is often associated with reduced testosterone synthesis or action. High rates of complications are reported with surgical repair of hypospadias, including wound dehiscence. Boys with hypospadias have previously been demonstrated to have increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to healthy controls and there is a known link between male hypogonadism and oxidative stress. It is not clear what effect ROS has on wound healing in bo...

Background: Childhood obesity is recognized as a chronic illness with limited therapeutic options. Addressing this condition through lifestyle interventions has proven to be challenging, particularly for adolescents, with only minimal outcomes observed. The use of GLP-1 agonists (such as Liraglutide) for reducing body weight in pediatric patients has yielded conflicting results. To date, no studies conducted in the Middle East have reported on the outcomes of ...

Background: Fanconi Bickel syndrome (FBS) is a rare form of glycogen storage disease (GSD) inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and caused by mutations in the SLC2A2 gene leading to the loss of GLUT2 glucose transporter expression. The disease is considered to be rare in which a little more than 100 cases have been reported in the literature. The SLC2A2 gene encodes for GLUT2, a low affinity facilitative glucose transporter expressed in critical tissues ...

Background: Studying patients with rare Mendelian diabetes has highlighted molecular mechanisms regulating β-cell pathophysiology. Previous, experimental studies have shown that Class IIa histone deacetylases (HDAC4, 5, 7, and 9) modulate mammalian pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation, function and finally glucose homeostasis.Methods: We performed exome sequencing in one adolescent boy with non-autoimmune di...

Background: Pancreas transcription factor-1 alpha (PTF1A), encoded by the PTF1A gene, is a beta helix loop(bHLH) protein which involved in the development of the pancreas and cerebellar neurogenesis. Although mutations of PTF1A cause permanent neonatal diabetes(PNDM), pancreas agenesis and cerebellar agenesis, PTF1A enhancer mutations reported causing PNDM and isolated pancreas agenesis. In the present study, we evaluate the phenotyp...

Background: Mutations in genes involved in insulin secretion or regulation of β cell identity cause both persistent neonatal diabetes (PND) and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (HHI) pinpointing shared pathogenic mechanisms. KCNQ1 encodes a potassium channel protein, Kv7.1, which is a voltage-gated potassium channel expressed in cardiac tissue, pancreas, inner ear neurons, and other tissues. Variants in or nearby to KCNQ1 were linked t...

Background: Diazoxide and octreotide are first and second-line of treatment for HH respectively. Long-acting somatostatin analogue (Lanreotide, LA) has been used in adults with neuroendocrine conditions through its effect on somatostatin receptors 2 (SSTR2) and 5 (SSTR5).Objective and hypotheses: (i) To evaluate the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of LA therapy in children with HH. (ii) To determine somatostatin receptor expression on pancreatic al...

Background: Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus (NDM) is a rare form of monogenic diabetes that typically presents during the first 6 months of life. Its prevalence is about 1:100 000 live births; however it may rise up to 1:29 000 in highly consanguineous populations. Mutations in 22 different genes are reported; with the most common cause being potassium channel subunit gene (KCNJ11/ABCC8) mutations. However, causative mutations among consanguineous populations seem to diffe...

Background: Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is cause of severe hypoglycaemia. Octreotide (somatostatin analogue), given as four times daily s.c. injections or via a pump, is used as second line treatment in diazoxide unresponsive CHI patients.Objective and hypotheses: The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of a long acting somatostatin analogue (Lanreotide) in patients with CHI.Method: Diffuse CHI patients above three years ...